Exploring the role of nanomedicines for the therapeutic approach of central nervous system dysfunction: At a glance

Abstract

In recent decades, research scientists, molecular biologists, and pharmacologists have placed a strong emphasis on cutting-edge nanostructured materials technologies to increase medicine delivery to the central nervous system (CNS). The application of nanoscience for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), multiple sclerosis (MS), Huntington’s disease (HD), brain cancer, and hemorrhage has the potential to transform care. Multiple studies have indicated that nanomaterials can be used to successfully treat CNS disorders in the case of neurodegeneration. Nanomedicine development for the cure of degenerative and inflammatory diseases of the nervous system is critical. Nanoparticles may act as a drug transporter that can precisely target sick brain sub-regions, boosting therapy success. It is important to develop strategies that can penetrate the blood–brain barrier (BBB) and improve the effectiveness of medications. One of the probable tactics is the use of different nanoscale materials. These nano-based pharmaceuticals offer low toxicity, tailored delivery, high stability, and drug loading capacity. They may also increase therapeutic effectiveness. A few examples of the many different kinds and forms of nanomaterials that have been widely employed to treat neurological diseases include quantum dots, dendrimers, metallic nanoparticles, polymeric nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes, liposomes, and micelles. These unique qualities, including sensitivity, selectivity, and ability to traverse the BBB when employed in nano-sized particles, make these nanoparticles useful for imaging studies and treatment of NDs. Multifunctional nanoparticles carrying pharmacological medications serve two purposes: they improve medication distribution while also enabling cell dynamics imaging and pharmacokinetic study. However, because of the potential for wide-ranging clinical implications, safety concerns persist, limiting any potential for translation. The evidence for using nanotechnology to create drug delivery systems that could pass across the BBB and deliver therapeutic chemicals to CNS was examined in this study.

Inhibitory Effect and Mechanism of Ursolic Acid on Cisplatin‐Induced Resistance and Stemness in Human Lung Cancer A549 Cells

“…Wide application of UA in the pharmaceutical feld is limited due to its low solubility in water, leading to poor oral drug absorption in the body, a short half-life, and low bioavailability. Te enhanced permeability and retention efect of Nano preparation promotes the high accumulation of Nano formulations in tumor tissue when compared to normal tissue [97], and reduces the side efects of chemotherapy drugs [23,58,[98][99][100][101][102]. In this study, we have only explored the efects of free UA in a cisplatin-resistant cell line.…”

Nanotechnology: Fundamental Aspects and Biomedical and Technological Applications

“…Compelling evidence shows that bio-nano materials have immense potential against several microbes and vectors involved in pyrexia and related disorders [37][38][39]. Recent reports substantiate nanomedicines' beneficial roles in treating neurological or neurodegenerative diseases [40][41][42][43]. Comprehensive information recently discussed nanoparticles' valuable role in COVID-19 management and vaccine development [44,45].…”

Natural product-based pharmacological studies for neurological disorders

“…Neurodegenerative disorders, such as AD and PD, have attracted much attention regarding N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors and their functions in these conditions. Overactivation of NMDA receptors (NMDARs) mediates various elements of synaptic dysfunction in numerous central nervous system (CNS) disorders, prompting a great deal of focus on the development of drugs that can inhibit NMDAR activity ( Marí and Colell, 2021 ; Rahman et al, 2022 ).…”