Exploring the Role of Female Combatants in Non-State Armed Groups: A Case Study of Baloch Liberation Army

Abstract

This research explores the role of female combatants in the Baloch Liberation Army (BLA) while examining the factors over which BLA recruited female members and the impact of these female members on group-civilian and in-group relations. The research contends that when Non-State Armed Groups (NAGs) experience a shortfall in their membership, they approach female members. Moreover, female members' value to a group presents a more excellent utility, especially in closed societies like Balochistan. Also, the group's relations with the civilian population may improve since female membership would legitimize the group's stance. However, in closed patriarchal societies, of which Balochistan is an example, in-group relations may deteriorate, which affects the group's performance. This research aims to provide foundational grounds for future research on the role of female combatants in BLA.