Exploring the relationship between urbanization and water environment based on coupling analysis in Nanjing, East China

Abstract

The degradation of water environment (WE) has constrained the sustainable development of cities, while the rapid urbanization also exacerbates water environment change. However, the complicated relationship between urbanization and WE is far from clearly understood. In this study, a comprehensive index system for urbanization and WE was applied along with the System Index Evaluation Model (SIEM) and a Coupling Coordination Degree Model (CCDM) to analyze the coupling between urbanization and WE in Nanjing, East China, from 1990 to 2018. The comprehensive index of urbanization increased from 0.0392 in 1990 to 0.9890 in 2018, showing a clear increasing trend. Demographic and spatial urbanization made the largest contribution to urbanization development from 1990 to 2010, while economic urbanization became the largest contributor to urbanization development between 2011 and 2018. Under the combined effects of pressure, state, and response subsystems, the comprehensive WE index showed an upward trend with some fluctuations from 1990 to 2018. The degree of coupling coordination between urbanization and WE displayed an overall upward tendency, growing from 0.18 in 1990 to 0.95 in 2018. The coupling coordination state transitioned from a serious imbalance during the low coupling period (1990–1992) into the superior coordination of the highly coupled period (2011–2018). With the continuous urbanization in the future, in addition to ensuring the optimal management of surface water, protection of groundwater should be reinforced. The results advance our understanding of the dynamic relationship between urbanization and WE and provide important implications for urban planning and water resource protection.

Downstream Effects of Industrial Effluents Discharge on Some Physicochemical Parameters and Water Quality Index of River Rido, Kaduna State, Nigeria

“…Economic development and expanding land use activities are directly linked to an increase in waste production. Similar observations were reported by [1][2][3][4]. According to Camara et al [6], the higher percentages of land use associated with human activities and economic development in watersheds are often interrelated with high concentrations of water pollutants, while undeveloped areas such as natural forest areas are linked with good water quality.…”

Study on the Coupling Coordination between New-Type Urbanization and Water Ecological Environment and Its Driving Factors: Evidence from Jiangxi Province, China

“…Shi [ 22 ], Zhao et al [ 23 ], Xie et al [ 24 ], Yao et al [ 25 ] and Wang et al [ 26 ] used comprehensive indicator evaluation model, random effect panel Tobit model, improved STIRPAT model, coupling coordination degree model and other research methods to empirically analyze the spatial-temporal pattern and influencing factors of the coupling coordination between new-type urbanization and ecological environment. Yang et al [ 27 ], Liu et al [ 28 ], Shi [ 29 ], Liu and Zhi [ 30 ], Han et al [ 31 ], Cui et al [ 32 ], Shang and Jiang [ 33 ], Feng et al [ 34 ], Zhu et al [ 35 ], Yang et al [ 36 ], Ma et al [ 37 ] take, respectively, Shaanxi Province, Fujian Province, China’s coastal zone, Beijing city, the Yangtze River economic belt, the Yellow River Basin, the Tibet Autonomous Region, the pan third pole region, the Wanjiang demonstration area, Cheng-Yu urban agglomeration and Nanjing city as case-study examples to calculate, analyze and evaluate the coupling coordination degree of urbanization and ecological environment through the construction of indicator system of urbanization and ecological environment evaluation. These studies revealed that due to regional differences, different selection of evaluation indicators, different local policies and economic development and other factors, the urbanization process, ecological environment and the coupling coordination between the two in each regions exhibit different characteristics.…”

“…To fill this gap in the literature, this paper will build the evaluation indicator system of new-type urbanization and water ecological environment in Jiangxi Province, and use the entropy method, coupling coordination degree model and random effect panel Tobit model to study the coupling coordination development status between new-type urbanization and water ecological environment, and also its driving factors in Jiangxi Province and its 11 cities, in order to explore a mutually beneficial win-win road to promote the coordinated development of new-type urbanization and water ecological environment in Jiangxi Province. Compared with the research of Zhu et al [ 35 ], Yang et al [ 36 ], and Ma et al [ 37 ], we further use the linear weighting method to measure the comprehensive score of new-type urbanization and water ecological environment system in Jiangxi Province based on the entropy method. We also build a new coupling coordination degree model which can fully and truly reflect the coordinated development degree between the two subsystems of new-type urbanization and water ecological environment.…”

Decoupling relationship analysis between urbanization and carbon emissions in 33 African countries

“…In this study, the decoupling relationship of demographic urbanization from carbon emissions and spatial urbanization from carbon emissions are similar, and the decoupling relationship of economic urbanization from carbon emission and social urbanization from carbon emission are also similar. This shows that demographic urbanization and spatial urbanization have similar trends, while economic urbanization and social urbanization show similar patterns, which is similar to the development of Nanjing, China (Ma et al, 2021). However, the decoupling statuses of urbanization from carbon emissions in different African countries is obviously J o u r n a l P r e -p r o o f 22 different.…”