Exploring the relations between parenting practices, child shyness, and internalizing problems in Chinese culture.

Xiao, Bowen; Bullock, Amanda; Coplan, Robert J.; Liu, Junsheng; Cheah, Charissa S. L.

doi:10.1037/fam0000904

Cited by 15 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…Although the scoring levels of maternal integrity, warmth, and emotional involvement differed by adolescent stages, they played equally central roles in the parenting network. The possible explanation is that mothers are expected to be continuously involved in childcare and endorse warm and supportive parenting styles (Kim & Hill, 2015; Xiao et al, 2021), so their supportive parenting may be stably essential to the parenting network.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A network approach to understanding parenting: Linking coparenting, parenting styles, and parental involvement in rearing adolescents in different age groups.

Liu¹,

Zhang²,

Wang³

et al. 2023

Developmental Psychology

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Prior research has used several indicators to represent parenting, from dyadic interactions between mothers/ fathers and children (e.g., parenting styles, parental involvement) to triadic motherÀfatherÀchild interactions (e. g., coparenting). This study applies network analysis to explore the interrelations between maternal and paternal coparenting, parenting styles, and parental involvement in families with adolescents in early (10À12 years), middle (13À15 years), and late (16À18 years) stages. Network analysis was used to identify central nodes (i.e., central parenting components) and central mechanisms (i.e., relations between central parenting variables) underlying the parenting network, providing a comprehensive and nuanced understanding of parenting. This study included 4,852 adolescents aged from 10 to 18 (M age = 13.80, SD = 2.38, 51.5% females) in two-parent families across different regions of China. The results indicated that both maternal and paternal coparenting integrity and warm parenting style served as important bridges to connect the whole network; their integrity and emotional involvement were closely linked to other parenting variables. Also, the intrapersonal and interpersonal effects between mothering and fathering as well as adolescent developmental differences were found. If it is assumed that the parenting network is causal, the results suggest that supportive parenting should be considered the prime target for enhancing parenting systems. Adolescent developmental stages appear to be a vital factor influencing parenting intercorrelations, and interventions should be designed based on children's age groups. Public Significance StatementThis study suggests that mothers' and fathers' coparenting integrity, warm parenting style, and emotional involvement are particularly important to the parenting system, which encourages interventions on supportive parenting to maximize the effectiveness and benefit the family system. Additionally, it highlights the complementary effects between mothers and fathers in the family, and the developmental characteristics of and differences in parenting early, middle, and late adolescents.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A network approach to understanding parenting: Linking coparenting, parenting styles, and parental involvement in rearing adolescents in different age groups.

Liu¹,

Zhang²,

Wang³

et al. 2023

Developmental Psychology

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“…On the other hand, this passionate devotion to educational accomplishments may also diminish the definition of success, thus stifling creativity and hindering the exploration of interests that do not relate to academics directly (Chen et al, 2015). However, another study carried out by Xiao et al (2021) found that although Spanish parenting prefers more authority-supportive style and encourages individualism and self-reliance, that way of parenting will help children explore their interests widely and develop a well-rounded personality. This kind of development is going to play a positive part in students' self-efficacy, aside from just academics, but in real life too.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mothers' parenting styles, academic self-efficacy and academic performance: Chinese-Spanish Cross-Cultural Study

Xin

2024

Revista Ehquidad

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This study aims at investigating and highlighting the diversity in mothers' parenting style and self-esteem and their correlations with academic achievements across cultural contexts. A total of 200 university students (100 from China and 100 from Spain) was taken by means of the purposive sampling method. During the course of the 2021-2022 Academic Year, the Parenting Style Scale (S-EMBU) and Academic Self-Efficacy Scale (ASES) were used to assess mothers' parenting styles and self-efficacy. It was found out that there were several cultural differences in the way parents approach their children, with the Spanish mothers applying warm and affectionate attitudes and the Chinese parents using stricter methods. As for the difference, no statistical significance was found between the two groups related to academic self-efficacy. In the findings, the rejection type of parenting was associated negatively with self-efficacy and academic performance while warm parenting that is emotional in nature was positively associated with these outcomes among university students. Furthermore, a positive connection between academic self-efficacy and academic success is also observed. The research identified specific parenting behaviors of mothers that significantly affect students’ academic performance in university, which reveals the critical role of parents in student’s academic success. Generally, the study shows the significance of cultural variation in parental involvements into university students' academic performance and the key role of parenting in the students' academic success. The research also considered parenting styles and academic self-conceptualizations between the Chinese and the Spanish university students. While it is true that there were notable cultural differences in parenting styles between Spanish mothers who showed warmer and more expressive styles and Chinese mothers, there were no significant differences in subjects’ self-efficacy in learning processes between the two groups. These results emphasize the significant role of parenting in the predictability of academic achievements among university students. In this sense, parental styles that involve emotional warmth were found to correlate with higher levels of academic self-efficacy and better academic performance. The research shows that positive ways of parenting including fostering emotional closeness and caring could help improve children's school performance.

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“…(Campbell 1995, Siu 2007. When the literature is reviewed, it is seen that concepts such as social withdrawal, behavioral inhibition, and extreme shyness were used related to internalized behaviors that emerged in early childhood (Xiao et al 2021, Hogye et al 2022. The term shyness is used more specifically in response to shyness when responding to new social situations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developmental Bibliotherapy with Extremely Shy Children

KAYMAZ

2024

Psikiyatride Güncel Yaklaşımlar

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Extremely shy children may find themselves somehow isolated from society and feel alone. This may cause them to experience different problems at home, at school and in the community. If this situation continues in the following years, the difficulties they experience in life will increase and the probability of their emergence as mental problems such as childhood loneliness, social anxiety disorders, depression and anxiety disorders that negatively affect their quality of life will increase. Thus, it is important to intervene in childhood shyness, social isolation, loneliness, and behavioral inhibition in order to eliminate possible problems that may be experienced in childhood and at the same time to prevent the continuation of the situation in adolescence and adulthood. Developmental bibliotherapy can be used in the context of both prevention and early intervention studies for shyness in early childhood with extremely shy children. In this context, the aim of this study is to provide an in-depth perspective on the concepts of extreme shyness and bibliotherapy, and to present an example of a developmental bibliotherapy session that can be experienced with extremely shy children who are between five to eight years old in early childood period and a sample book list that can be used in the sessions.."

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Exploring the relations between parenting practices, child shyness, and internalizing problems in Chinese culture.

Cited by 15 publications

References 59 publications

A network approach to understanding parenting: Linking coparenting, parenting styles, and parental involvement in rearing adolescents in different age groups.

A network approach to understanding parenting: Linking coparenting, parenting styles, and parental involvement in rearing adolescents in different age groups.

Mothers' parenting styles, academic self-efficacy and academic performance: Chinese-Spanish Cross-Cultural Study

Developmental Bibliotherapy with Extremely Shy Children

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