Exploring the production of antioxidants and biogas from avocado (Persea Americana var. Americana) residues as an alternative for developing rural bioeconomies

Garcia-Vallejo, Maria Camila; Solarte-Toro, Juan Camilo; Ortiz-Sánchez, Mariana; Chamorro, Leonardo P.; Chamorro-Anaya, Lina; Peroza-Piñeres, Pavel; Pérez-Cordero, Alexander; Álzate, Carlos Ariel Cardona

doi:10.1016/j.scp.2023.101089

Sustainable Chemistry and Pharmacy

2023

DOI: 10.1016/j.scp.2023.101089

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Exploring the production of antioxidants and biogas from avocado (Persea Americana var. Americana) residues as an alternative for developing rural bioeconomies

Maria Camila Garcia-Vallejo

Juan Camilo Solarte-Toro

Mariana Ortiz-Sánchez

et al.

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Cited by 3 publications

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Alternatives for the Valorization of Avocado Waste Generated in the Different Links of the Value Chain Based on a Life-Cycle Analysis Approach

Garcia-Vallejo,

Agudelo Patiño,

Poveda-Giraldo

et al. 2023

Agronomy

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This work evaluates the sustainability of small-scale biorefineries as a potential enterprise alternative to be introduced in rural areas based on experimental and simulation data. Four scenarios were evaluated: the first scenario involves the production of guacamole, the second involves the production of animal feed, and the third and fourth scenarios involve the extraction of bioactive compounds and the production of avocado oil or animal feed, respectively. In addition, all scenarios produce biogas and fertilizer. Each of the scenarios were evaluated considering the technical, economic, environmental, and social aspects. As a main result, the first scenario showed the lowest operating and investment costs, as well as the lowest economic profitability (profit margin 35%). On the other hand, the third and fourth scenarios present the highest investment and operating expenses (OpEx USD 6.2 million per year and CapEx USD 1.0 million), but their profit margins are in the 60–70% range. Furthermore, a life-cycle assessment (LCA) was carried out and allows inferring that the transformer link presents the highest environmental impact of the entire value chain and that the carbon footprint for all scenarios ranges between 1.01–2.41 kg CO2 eq per kg avocado. Similarly, the social impact methodology shows that the proposed scenarios do not present any social risk. Thus, the biorefinery for animal feed, bioactive compounds, biogas, and fertilizer was selected as the best option to be implemented in Caldas.

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Alternatives for the Valorization of Avocado Waste Generated in the Different Links of the Value Chain Based on a Life-Cycle Analysis Approach

Garcia-Vallejo,

Agudelo Patiño,

Poveda-Giraldo

et al. 2023

Agronomy

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Valorization of Citrus reticulata Blanco Peels to Produce Enriched Wheat Bread: Phenolic Bioaccessibility and Antioxidant Potential

Gómez-Mejía,

Sacristán,

Rosales-Conrado

et al. 2023

Antioxidants

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The fortification of foods with bioactive polyphenols aims to improve their functional properties and to provide health benefits. Yet, to exert their benefits, phenolic compounds must be released from the food matrix and absorbed by the small intestine after digestion, so assessing their bioaccessibility is crucial to determine their potential role. This work aims to incorporate Citrus reticulata Blanco peel extracts into wheat bread as a promising opportunity to increase their bioactive potential, along with supporting the sustainable management of citrus-industry waste. A control and a wheat bread enriched at 2% and 4% (w/v) with a phenolic extract from mandarin peels were prepared and analyzed for antioxidant activity and phenolic composition using LC-MS and UV-Vis spectrophotometry. In addition, in vitro digestion was performed, and the digested extracts were analyzed with HPLC-MS/MS. The results showed a significant increase in total flavonoid content (TFC, 2.2 ± 0.1 mg·g−1), antioxidant activity (IC50 = 37 ± 4 mg·g−1), and contents of quercetin, caffeic acid, and hesperidin in the 4% (w/v) enriched bread. Yet, most polyphenols were completely degraded after the in vitro digestion process, barring hesperidin (159 ± 36 μg·g−1), highlighting the contribution of citrus enrichment in the development of an enriched bread with antioxidant potential.

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Orange Peel Waste as a Source of Bioactive Compounds and Valuable Products: Insights Based on Chemical Composition and Biorefining

Ortiz-Sanchez,

Cardona Alzate,

Solarte-Toro

2024

Biomass

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Few valorization pathways have been implemented as alternatives to reduce the orange peel waste (OPW) disposal in landfills. OPW can be a source of income or economic savings in juice production factories since this waste is a potential source of value-added products (e.g., bioactive compounds) and energy vectors (e.g., biogas). Valorization alternatives should be based on (i) orange peel chemical composition, (ii) market analysis, and (iii) availability. Nevertheless, few literature papers have highlighted the chemical composition change caused by the different juice production schemes as a potential opportunity to obtain different value-added products and biorefinery schemes. Thus, the aims of this review paper are related to (i) reviewing different orange fruit processing pathways, (ii) analyzing several OPW chemical compositions reported in the open literature, (iii) providing a summary of OPW extraction pathways for bioactive compounds production, and (iv) evaluating the effect of applying different extraction methods on bioactive compound extraction performance. This review includes a description of the OPW matrix, market insights, packaging, physicochemical characterization, processing technologies, and suggested biorefinery approaches. Finally, different extraction methods for obtaining bioactive compounds from OPW are compared. As a result, the supercritical fluid extraction process has the highest extraction performance and selectivity since this method extracted a high amount of hesperidin (8.18 g/kg OPW db.). In conclusion, OPW is a source of bioactive compounds and valuable products that can be introduced in juice-producing factories to increase product portfolio or economic savings by changing the energy matrix.

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Exploring the production of antioxidants and biogas from avocado (Persea Americana var. Americana) residues as an alternative for developing rural bioeconomies

Cited by 3 publications

References 50 publications

Alternatives for the Valorization of Avocado Waste Generated in the Different Links of the Value Chain Based on a Life-Cycle Analysis Approach

Alternatives for the Valorization of Avocado Waste Generated in the Different Links of the Value Chain Based on a Life-Cycle Analysis Approach

Valorization of Citrus reticulata Blanco Peels to Produce Enriched Wheat Bread: Phenolic Bioaccessibility and Antioxidant Potential

Orange Peel Waste as a Source of Bioactive Compounds and Valuable Products: Insights Based on Chemical Composition and Biorefining

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