Exploring the Potential of Using Carbonyl Sulfide to Track the Urban Biosphere Signal

Villalba, Gara; Whelan, Mary; Montzka, S. A.; Cameron-Smith, P. J.; Fischer, M. L.; Zumkehr, Andrew; Hilton, T. W.; Stinecipher, J.; Baker, Ian; Bambha, Ray P.; Michelsen, Hope A.; LaFranchi, B. W.; Estruch, Carme; Campbell, Elliott

doi:10.1029/2020jd034106

Cited by 6 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…A commonly used value is ∼1.6, although distribution of LRU values has been observed (Whelan et al., 2018 ). The Simple Biosphere Model (SiB3: Baker et al., 2003 ; Baker et al., 2008 ; Parazoo et al., 2020 ) calculates OCS uptake based on leaf physiology and soil properties (Berry et al., 2013 ), and has been evaluated against a variety of observational data (Commane et al., 2015 ; Glatthor et al., 2015 ; Hilton et al., 2017 ; Hu et al., 2021 ; Kooijmans et al., 2021 ; Kuai et al., 2015 ; Villalba et al., 2021 ; Wang et al., 2016 ). Similarly to LRU but on an ecosystem scale, we derived linear regression models for each biome from SIB3 GPP and SIB3 to calculate OCS plant uptake flux.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantifying Northern High Latitude Gross Primary Productivity (GPP) Using Carbonyl Sulfide (OCS)

Kuai

Parazoo

Baker

et al. 2022

Global Biogeochemical Cycles

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The northern high latitude (NHL, 40°N to 90°N) is where the second peak region of gross primary productivity (GPP) other than the tropics. The summer NHL GPP is about 80% of the tropical peak, but both regions are still highly uncertain (Norton et al. 2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-3069-2019). Carbonyl sulfide (OCS) provides an important proxy for photosynthetic carbon uptake. Here we optimize the OCS plant uptake fluxes across the NHL by fitting atmospheric concentration simulation with the GEOS‐CHEM global transport model to the aircraft profiles acquired over Alaska during NASA's Carbon in Arctic Reservoirs Vulnerability Experiment (2012–2015). We use the empirical biome‐specific linear relationship between OCS plant uptake flux and GPP to derive the six plant uptake OCS fluxes from different GPP data. Such GPP‐based fluxes are used to drive the concentration simulations. We evaluate the simulations against the independent observations at two ground sites of Alaska. The optimized OCS fluxes suggest the NHL plant uptake OCS flux of −247 Gg S year−1, about 25% stronger than the ensemble mean of the six GPP‐based OCS fluxes. GPP‐based OCS fluxes systematically underestimate the peak growing season across the NHL, while a subset of models predict early start of season in Alaska, consistent with previous studies of net ecosystem exchange. The OCS optimized GPP of 34 PgC yr−1 for NHL is also about 25% more than the ensembles mean from six GPP data. Further work is needed to fully understand the environmental and biotic drivers and quantify their rate of photosynthetic carbon uptake in Arctic ecosystems.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantifying Northern High Latitude Gross Primary Productivity (GPP) Using Carbonyl Sulfide (OCS)

Kuai

Parazoo

Baker

et al. 2022

Global Biogeochemical Cycles

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“…Mallik et al (2016) reported the first records of annual OCS mixing ratios over an Indian city, which were substantially higher than tropospheric values, and those values changed seasonally with an observed 86% drop in OCS in November when air masses changed from oceanic to continental. Villalba et al (2021) also observed changes in OCS related to air masses coming from marine and continental sources. This work highlighted the difficulty of characterizing the biosphere signal when the input masses are continental due to the heterogeneity, they present in OCS content compared to stable marine conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…Villalba et al. (2021) also observed changes in OCS related to air masses coming from marine and continental sources. This work highlighted the difficulty of characterizing the biosphere signal when the input masses are continental due to the heterogeneity, they present in OCS content compared to stable marine conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The use of OCS as a photosynthesis tracer has recently received attention as a potential method to determine the contribution of the urban biosphere toward reducing the carbon footprint (Mallik et al, 2016;Villalba et al, 2021). Mallik et al (2016) reported the first records of annual OCS mixing ratios over an Indian city, which were substantially higher than tropospheric values, and those values changed seasonally with an observed 86% drop in OCS in November when air masses changed from oceanic to continental.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exploring the Influence of Land Use on the Urban Carbonyl Sulfide Budget: A Case Study of the Metropolitan Area of Barcelona

Estruch,

Belviso,

Badia

et al. 2023

JGR Atmospheres

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Carbonyl sulfide (OCS) is used to quantify the carbon capture potential of the biosphere because of its direct correlation with CO2 uptake during photosynthesis. However, to constrain the urban biosphere signal, it is necessary to evaluate potential anthropogenic sources. We conducted two sampling campaigns in the Metropolitan Area of Barcelona (AMB), Spain, during May (full COVID lockdown) and October 2020 to measure the spatial distribution and variability of OCS in four urban land uses as follows: built, urban forest, urban park, and peri‐urban agriculture. The OCS background levels determined at Tibidabo (442 m asl) were approximately 484 ± 20 ppt and 407 ± 8 ppt for May and October 2020, respectively, and agreed with other seasonal surveys conducted in Europe during that same period. Averaged emissions were in the range of +Δ12 ± 40 ppt for the city and were +Δ9.4 ± 40.9 ppt for urban +Δ22.1 ± 48 ppt for urban green +Δ20.7 ± 42.9 ppt for agricultural and −Δ4.8 ± 19.6 ppt for forest. The urban values ranged from neutral to above background, suggesting nearby anthropogenic and marine emissions such as +Δ150 ppt in Montjuic, which is downwind of Barcelona's harbor. During the crop‐growing season in May, the agricultural areas consistently showed values below the background (up to −Δ76 ppt in Gavà, uptake) at 7:00 UTC when the land breezes were dominant, while later in the morning, when the sea breeze are developed, the plant sink is masked by the transport of marine emissions. Urban forests located north of Tibidabo showed OCS values up to −Δ70 ppt, suggesting significant uptake by urban forests. We conclude that determining the urban biosphere signal using OCS as a tracer is more complex than expected because the marine and anthropogenic emissions from the port strongly impact the spatial‐temporal distribution of OCS.

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Exploring how the heterogeneous urban landscape influences CO2 concentrations: The case study of the Metropolitan Area of Barcelona

Estruch,

Curcoll,

Morguí

et al. 2024

Urban Forestry & Urban Greening

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Exploring the Potential of Using Carbonyl Sulfide to Track the Urban Biosphere Signal

Abstract: Transport model adequately simulates OCS mixing ratios during marine influence in a coastal city. Modeling of OCS needs to improve characterization of transport and BL variability. The urban biosphere signal is an important contributor to simulated CO2 mole fractions.

Cited by 6 publications

References 62 publications

Quantifying Northern High Latitude Gross Primary Productivity (GPP) Using Carbonyl Sulfide (OCS)

Quantifying Northern High Latitude Gross Primary Productivity (GPP) Using Carbonyl Sulfide (OCS)

Exploring the Influence of Land Use on the Urban Carbonyl Sulfide Budget: A Case Study of the Metropolitan Area of Barcelona

Exploring how the heterogeneous urban landscape influences CO2 concentrations: The case study of the Metropolitan Area of Barcelona

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