Exploring the Potential of Traditional Herbal Plants in the Management of Diabetes Mellitus: A Comprehensive Investigation

Abstract

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is one of the most prevalent chronic conditions bearing considerable social, health, and economic ramifications. Uncontrolled DM manifests secondary complications such as foot ulceration, retinopathy, neuropathy, nephropathy, and cardiomyopathy. The heterogeneity inherent in DM necessitates a comprehensive therapeutic strategy that is equally safe and effective against multifaceted diseases like DM. Conventionally, DM management relies on lifestyle modifications and dietary adjustments, complemented by pharmacological interventions. However, the limitations associated with oral hypoglycaemic agents prompt an exploration of alternative modalities. These days, substantial resources within healthcare are dedicated to investigating traditional systems of medicine, notably Ayurveda and traditional Chinese medicine, seeking novel interventions for DM management. This systematic review aims to evaluate the available literature of 2017-2023, focusing on identifying herbs with potential efficacy in DM management with their potent mechanism of action. By synthesizing current scientific knowledge, the review elucidates the intricate molecular-level mechanisms of action of medicinal plants in DM. This contribution enriches the scientific discourse by providing a comprehensive resource for the nuanced exploration of innovative approaches to address the complex facets of DM. As healthcare endeavours to diversify its strategies, the insights from this review may pave the way for developing novel and effective interventions for managing DM using medicinal plants.