Exploring the potential of tamoxifen-based copper(ii) dichloride in breast cancer therapy

Abstract

This study explores a copper-tamoxifen hybrid drug as a promising alternative to platinum complexes in breast cancer therapy, offering a new mechanism of action.

Bipyraloxifene – a modified raloxifene vector against triple-negative breast cancer

“…Moreover, 2,2′-bipy-modified tamoxifen derivatives III and IV activate autophagy and antioxidant effects. 19,20,44 Apparently, the 2,2′-bipy unit improves the cytotoxic potential of SERMs enabling a hormone-independent mechanism of action.…”

Exploring Raloxifene‐Based Metallodrugs: A Versatile Vector Combined with Platinum(II), Palladium(II) and Nickel(II) Dichlorides and Carborates against Triple‐Negative Breast Cancer

“…[33,36,37] Previously, we have reported a tamoxifen-inspired ligand with a 2,2'-bipy moiety enabling combination of molybdacarboranes, [32] platinum(II) and palladium(II) dichloride complexes, platina-and palladacarboranes [33] and a copper(II) dichloride complex with the tamoxifen structure. [38] We have investigated the cytotoxic behavior and mode of action depending on the metal and its coordination sphere. Molybdacarborane and platinum(II) dichloride complexes increased the reactive oxygen species (ROS) in MCF-7 cultures, while the tamoxifen-based palladium(II) dichloride complex exhibited scavenging potential.…”

“…[36,37] Furthermore, the presence of a bulky and hydrophobic dicarbollide (carborate) ion [C 2 B 9 H 11 ] 2À increased the selectivity against certain cancer cell lines, which was shown for molybda-and palladacarboranes. [36,38] Furthermore, these compounds exhibit their anticancer properties in a hormone-independent manner demonstrating antitumor potential against the TNBC cell line MDA-MB-231. Herein, we report the combination of another promising SERM, namely bipyraloxifene, [14] with platinum(II), palladium(II) and nickel(II) dichloride and the respective metallacarborane complexes.…”