“…Among a number of Ru(II)-based antibacterial agents, − in the so-called antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT), − their light irradiation in the presence of molecular oxygen to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS), namely the potent singlet oxygen 1 O 2 , takes advantage of a complete spatial and temporal control over the drug activation. , However, despite the high efficacy of ROS even against multidrug resistance bacteria, , the need for O 2 still represents a limit in the treatment of hypoxic environments, such as anaerobic infections. , This led to the development of light-responsive complexes able to release biologically active compounds via an O 2 -independent mechanism. Such processes typically require the population of ligand dissociative metal centered ( 3 MC) excited states, whose direct excitation is forbidden .…”
5-Nitroimidazole (5NIMH), chosen as a molecular model of nitroimidazole derivatives, which represent a broadspectrum class of antimicrobials, was incorporated into the ruthenium complexes [Ru(tpy)(phen)(5NIM)]PF 6 (1) and [Ru(tpy)(dmp)(5NIM)]PF 6 (2) (tpy = terpyridine, phen = phenanthroline, dmp = 2,9-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline). Besides the uncommon metal coordination of 5-nitroimidazole in its imidazolate form (5NIM), the different architectures of the spectator ligands (phen and dmp) were exploited to tune the "mode of action" of the resulting complexes, passing from a photostable compound where the redox properties of 5NIMH are preserved (1) to one suitable for the nitroimidazole phototriggered release (2) and whose antibacterial activity against B. subtilis, chosen as cellular model, is effectively improved upon light exposure. This study may provide a fundamental knowledge on the use of Ru(II)−polypyridyl complexes to incorporate and/or photorelease biologically relevant nitroimidazole derivatives in the design of a novel class of antimicrobials.
“…Among a number of Ru(II)-based antibacterial agents, − in the so-called antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT), − their light irradiation in the presence of molecular oxygen to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS), namely the potent singlet oxygen 1 O 2 , takes advantage of a complete spatial and temporal control over the drug activation. , However, despite the high efficacy of ROS even against multidrug resistance bacteria, , the need for O 2 still represents a limit in the treatment of hypoxic environments, such as anaerobic infections. , This led to the development of light-responsive complexes able to release biologically active compounds via an O 2 -independent mechanism. Such processes typically require the population of ligand dissociative metal centered ( 3 MC) excited states, whose direct excitation is forbidden .…”
5-Nitroimidazole (5NIMH), chosen as a molecular model of nitroimidazole derivatives, which represent a broadspectrum class of antimicrobials, was incorporated into the ruthenium complexes [Ru(tpy)(phen)(5NIM)]PF 6 (1) and [Ru(tpy)(dmp)(5NIM)]PF 6 (2) (tpy = terpyridine, phen = phenanthroline, dmp = 2,9-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline). Besides the uncommon metal coordination of 5-nitroimidazole in its imidazolate form (5NIM), the different architectures of the spectator ligands (phen and dmp) were exploited to tune the "mode of action" of the resulting complexes, passing from a photostable compound where the redox properties of 5NIMH are preserved (1) to one suitable for the nitroimidazole phototriggered release (2) and whose antibacterial activity against B. subtilis, chosen as cellular model, is effectively improved upon light exposure. This study may provide a fundamental knowledge on the use of Ru(II)−polypyridyl complexes to incorporate and/or photorelease biologically relevant nitroimidazole derivatives in the design of a novel class of antimicrobials.
“…It is reported that the hydrophilicities and lipophilicities of antibacterial drugs are closely related to antibacterial activity. 27 The lipophilicity of a drug is an important factor for passing through the membranes of Gram-positive bacteria, while the hydrophilicity of a drug determines its solubility. So, the fine-tuned lipophilicity/hydrophilicity ratio governs antibacterial potency of compounds.…”
The wide spread of drug-resistant bacteria, especially methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), have posed a tremendous threat to global health. Of particular concern, resistance to vancomycin, linezolid and daptomycin have already...
“… Fig. 17 The molecular structures of (A) 31-Cu 2 and 32-Cu 2 [202] and (B) 33-Ru, 34-RuCu, 35-Ru , and 36-RuCu 2 [203] , [204] . …”
Section: Amss In Pharma Studiesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In 2021, they investigated antimicrobial activity of 33-Ru and 34-RuCu as well as 35-Ru and 36-RuCu 2 ( Fig. 17 (B)) against G + bacteria (B. subtilis ) in the dark and under light-iiradiation [204] . In the dark condition, the mixed Ru 2+ /Cu 2+ complex ( 34-RuCu) showed higher antibacterial ability than 33-Ru at 3.12 μ M while at higher concentrations both of them exhibited a similar antibacterial effect.…”
Despite the extensive and rapid discovery of modern drugs for treatment of cancer, microbial infections, and viral illnesses; these diseases are still among major global health concerns. To take inspiration from natural nucleases and also the therapeutic potential of metallopeptide antibiotics such as the bleomycin family, artificial metallonucleases with the ability of promoting DNA/RNA cleavage and eventually affecting cellular biological processes can be introduced as a new class of therapeutic candidates. Metal complexes can be considered as one of the main categories of artificial metalloscissors, which can prompt nucleic acid strand scission. Accordingly, biologists, inorganic chemists, and medicinal inorganic chemists worldwide have been designing, synthesizing and evaluating the biological properties of metal complexes as artificial metalloscissors. In this review, we try to highlight the recent studies conducted on the nuclease-like metalloscissors and their potential therapeutic applications. Under the light of the concurrent Covid-19 pandemic, the human need for new therapeutics was highlighted much more than ever before. The nuclease-like metalloscissors with the potential of RNA cleavage of invading viral pathogens hence deserve prime attention.
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