Exploring the potential of fur farming wastes and byproducts as substrates to anaerobic digestion process

Zarkadas, Ioannis S.; Dontis, G.; Pilidis, George; Sarigiannis, D

doi:10.1016/j.renene.2016.03.056

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The rest of the substrates presented better tolerance to the higher organic loading with the specific methane yield to be inhibited by <30% for the plant‐derived protein rich substrates. These values are in agreement with the results of the recent study of Zarkadas et al in which they reported a reduction of 24% of the ultimate biomethane potential of mink derived BMM through the stepwise increase of the organic loading of batch systems from 12.5 to 25 kg V −1 s −1 m −3 .…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

Anaerobic Digestion of Olive Mill Wastewater: Focusing on the Effect of Nitrogen Source

Zarkadas

Zachariou

Stamou

et al. 2019

CLEAN Soil Air Water

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Olive oil production is a seasonal agricultural activity taking place around the Mediterranean Sea with high financial importance and significant environmental footprint. Unfortunately, olive milling is generating olive mill wastewater (OMWW), which is an effluent with high carbon-to-nitrogen ratio and low pH. The aim of this work is to assess the application of different high nitrogen substrates for overcoming the problem of nitrogen deficiency of the mono-digestion of olive mill wastewater. The nitrogen-rich substrates are fish meal, bone, and meat meal (BMM), blood meal (BM), feather meal (FEM), mixtures of FEM and BM, soybean meal, and corn-gluten meal, which are mixed with the olive mill wastewater in order to attain C/N ¼ 20:1. The substrates are evaluated in batch and tank reactors. According to the results, the type of protein is an insignificant process parameter and the process can be developed without inhibition phenomena to be presented with any of the co-substrates assessed. The maximum bio-methane potential registered for the mixture of olive mill wastewater and bone, and meat meal with 449 mL CH 4 g À1 volatile solids added (VS) with an organic loading rate (OLR) of 3.6 kg V À1 s À1 m À3 per day. The overall process presented remarkable tolerance during the stepwise increase of OLR from 3.6 to 5.8 kg V À1 s À1 m À3 per day with the efficiency of the process to be reduced by 15% for all co-digestion mixtures while the volumetric production increased from 1.5 to 2.1 m 3 CH 4 m À3 per day.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

Anaerobic Digestion of Olive Mill Wastewater: Focusing on the Effect of Nitrogen Source

Zarkadas

Zachariou

Stamou

et al. 2019

CLEAN Soil Air Water

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“…Like the earlier method developed and used by researchers, the method proposed in present study is based on similar data, i.e., the organic composition of the substrate. According to reports in the literature, the theoretical BMP can also be calculated if we know the percentage of protein, fat and carbohydrate fractions of VS and apply the adequate conversion formula [23,24,37].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These methods save costs and time. Recently they have been presented and used by Nielfa et al [23] and Zarkadas et al [24]. Apart from that, Nielfa et al [23], who studied the co-digestion of organic fraction of municipal solid waste and biological sludge, presented and applied another two methods of theoretical BMP estimation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Confectionery Waste in Biogas Production by the Anaerobic Digestion Process

et al. 2018

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It was the objective of this study to verify the efficiency and stability of anaerobic digestion (AD) for selected confectionery waste, including chocolate bars (CB), wafers (W), and filled wafers (FW), by inoculation with digested cattle slurry and maize silage pulp. Information in the literature on biogas yield for these materials and on their usefulness as substrate in biogas plants remains to be scarce. Owing to its chemical structure, including the significant content of carbon-rich carbohydrates and fat, the confectionery waste has a high biomethane potential. An analysis of the AD process indicates differences in the fluctuations of the pH values of three test samples. In comparison with W and FW, CB tended to show slightly more reduced pH values in the first step of the process; moreover an increase in the content of volatile fatty acids (VFA) was recorded. In the case of FW, the biogas production process showed the highest stability. Differences in the decomposition dynamics for the three types of test waste were accounted for by their different carbohydrate contents and also different biodegradabilities of specific compounds. The highest efficiency of the AD process was obtained for the filled wafers, where the biogas volumes, including methane, were 684.79 m3 Mg−1 VS and 506.32 m3 Mg−1 VS, respectively. A comparable volume of biogas (673.48 m3 Mg−1 VS) and a lower volume of methane (407.46 m3 Mg−1 VS) were obtained for chocolate bars. The lowest volumes among the three test material types, i.e., 496.78 m3 Mg−1 VS (biogas) and 317.42 m3 Mg−1 VS (methane), were obtained for wafers. This article also proposes a method of estimation of the biochemical methane potential (theoretical BMP) based on the chemical equations of degradation of sugar, fats, and proteins and known biochemical composition (expressed in grams).

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“…The monitoring of the process stability included not only measurements of the pH value, but also the VFA/TA ratio. Having assumed the criteria of the VFA/TA ratio ranges, i.e., VFA/TA ≤ 0.40-stable digester, 0.40 < VFA/TA < 0.80-some instability, and VFA/TA ≥ 0.80-significant instability [39], we can say that the process was generally stable in all the batches. Only at the initial stage was the VFA/TA ratio measured in the combination of both co-substrates with lignin (WAF + SS + Lignin) was relatively high, i.e., 0.48.…”

Section: Process Stabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Kraft Lignin Grafted with Polyvinylpyrrolidone as a Novel Microbial Carrier in Biogas Production

2018

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The objective of this study was to verify the effect of kraft lignin as a microbial carrier on biogas/methane yield. An anaerobic co-digestion test process was carried out, in which confectionery waste was used with sewage sludge. At the first stage of the study pure lignin and lignin combined with polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) were subjected to an extensive physicochemical analysis. Their morphology, dispersion and adsorption properties were determined. The two materials were also subjected to thermal, spectroscopic and elementary analysis. The anaerobic digestion of the two substrates was carried out with and without the addition of the carrier, under mesophilic conditions and in periodic operation. The monitoring and analysis of the two essential parameters, i.e., pH and volatile fatty acids/total alkalinity (VFA/TA) ratio, revealed that the process was stable in both tests. Microbial and biochemical analyses showed intensified proliferation of eubacteria and increased dehydrogenase activity in samples prepared with the lignin + PVP material. The cell count increased by 46% in the stuffed wafers (WAF) + sewage sludge (SS) variant with the carrier, whereas the enzyme activity increased by 43%. Cell immobilisation noticeably improved the process efficiency. The biogas production increased from 722 m3 Mg−1 VS to 850 m3 Mg−1 VS (VS – volatile solids), whereas the methane production increased from 428 m3 Mg−1 VS to 503 m3 Mg−1 VS (by about 18%). The research proved that lignin could be used as a very effective microbial carrier in anaerobic digestion (AD).

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Exploring the potential of fur farming wastes and byproducts as substrates to anaerobic digestion process

Cited by 13 publications

References 36 publications

Anaerobic Digestion of Olive Mill Wastewater: Focusing on the Effect of Nitrogen Source

Anaerobic Digestion of Olive Mill Wastewater: Focusing on the Effect of Nitrogen Source

Use of Confectionery Waste in Biogas Production by the Anaerobic Digestion Process

Kraft Lignin Grafted with Polyvinylpyrrolidone as a Novel Microbial Carrier in Biogas Production

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