Exploring the perceptions of people with dementia about the social robot PARO in a hospital setting

Abstract

New technology, such as social robots, opens up new opportunities in hospital settings. PARO, a robotic pet seal, was designed to provide emotional and social support for older people with dementia. We applied video-ethnographic methods, including conversational interviews and observations with video recording among 10 patient participants while they were using the robot. We also conducted semi-structured individual interviews and focus groups with nursing staff to gain contextual information. Patient and family partners were actively involved in the study as coresearchers. This study reports our findings on the perceptions of 10 patients with dementia about their experiences with PARO in a hospital setting. Thematic analysis yielded three substantive themes: (a) 'it's like a buddy'-the robot helps people with dementia uphold a sense of self in the world, (b) 'it's a conversation piece'-the baby seal facilitates social connection and (c) 'it makes me happy'-PARO transforms and humanizes the clinical setting. Our findings help provide a better understanding of the perspectives of patients with dementia on the use of social robots.

The use of technology in creating individualized, meaningful activities for people living with dementia: A systematic review

“…In expanding the view of dementia beyond a narrow medical approach, technology may be used to empower people with dementia, supporting them to live a more meaningful life. For instance, a recent study suggested that the use of a social robot for hospital patients with dementia promoted a sense of self and facilitated social connection with others (Hung et al, 2019). Arthur (2009) defines technologies as assemblies of practices and components put to use in order to fulfill a specific purpose.…”

Social Robots in Hospitals: A Systematic Review

“…Hung, Lillian; Gregorio, Mario; Mann, Jim; Wallsworth, Christine; Horne, Neil; Berndt, Annette; Liu, Cindy ( 2019) [68] To analyze perceptions of experiences with PARO robots in a hospital setting.…”

“…Emotions are connected to social interactions [55]; this is the case for the elderly and (4) dementia patients [53,56]. It is a promising field for the PARO robot [68] and exhibits both benefits and barriers [71]. PARO can support the psychosocial needs of the elderly related to inclusion, identity, attachment, occupation, and comfort [68].…”

Social Robot Interventions for People with Dementia: A Systematic Review on Effects and Quality of Reporting

“…Thereby, the concerns of formal and informal caregivers of persons with dementia should also be considered. The needs of people with dementia might refer to the social robot’s intended use, appearance, functions, and way of delivery [ 24 ]. Considering these needs is indispensable to ensure that social robot interventions have a positive impact on persons with dementia and seem meaningful to them [ 5, 25 ].…”

“…This also refers to their representatives.Furthermore, there is a lack of information concerning authors' discussions of ethical issues. Thus, our ethical analysis cannot provide specific implications for an ethically responsible intervention development and implementation as it is often demanded[19][20][21][22].Authors of future studies should transparently and clearly describe their theoretical assumptions when reporting social robot interventions as well as potential ethical conflicts and consent procedures [72]. Researchers should provide information on their dementia-related experience in research and practice.…”