Exploring the Nature of Traumatic Memory: Combining Clinical Knowledge with Laboratory Methods

Kolk, Bessel A. van der; Hopper, James W.; Osterman, Janet E.

doi:10.4324/9780203725276-2

Cited by 16 publications

(27 citation statements)

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“…However EMDR allows faster processing than psychoanalysis due to the media used—rhythmic movement in the former vs. language in the latter –presumably because the neural substrate of rhythmic movement has more direct links to the limbic system than that of language areas (see below). Once disseminated fragments of traumatic memory have been reconnected, they can be integrated into a new personal semantic memory network (Braun, 1988 ; Van Der Kolk et al, 2001 ). Integration of traumatic memory disseminated/dissociated fragments into new cognitive schemes is the main goal of EMDR (Van Der Kolk, 1994 ; Van Der Kolk and Fisler, 1995 ; Shapiro, 2001 ).…”

Section: Emdr As Cognitive Neuroentrainmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) re-examined as cognitive and emotional neuroentrainment

Coubard¹

2015

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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Section: Emdr As Cognitive Neuroentrainmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) re-examined as cognitive and emotional neuroentrainment

Coubard¹

2015

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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“…In the testimonies of these three victims we have all the elements that constitute traumatic memory: episodic nature, imagery, vividness, a proper temporal and visuospatial orientation. Amnesia and recovered memory occur more often in response to victimization by known perpetrators, which is congruent with Frey's theory of betrayal trauma (Freyd 1996, van der Kolk 2001. Due to the dependent nature of the relationship between perpetrator and victim, the victim of the violation is unable to confront the perpetrator (Freyd 1996).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

Violence Without a Face: The Analysis of Testimonies of Women Who Were Sexually Assaulted During the War in Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina

et al. 2019

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Background:This study examined testimonies of women who were sexually assaulted multiple times by multiple unknown offenders. In these testimonial narratives, it is possible to detect specific modalities of traumatic event expression. This expression lacks any spatial, temporal, auditory or emotional determinants of the event.Subjects and methods: These fourteen women (out of 17) were imprisoned and forcefully isolated in detention camps or private houses in the occupied territories of Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina, during the war. At the same time, some of these women were raped by the offenders that were previously known to them. The average length of detention was 141 days among the seventeen victims (range of 7 to 395 days), while the average time from the first day of imprisonment to the first day of testimony was 311 days (range of 30 to 889 days).Results: Based on the narrative descriptions of the events acquired from these testimonies, our analysis showed that these expressions differed when the offender was known to the victim, contrasted to the situation when the offender was completely unknown. This finding has a significant implication in victim's testimony at judicial hearings. Specifically, women that were raped by unknown perpetrator(s) were often unable to provide persuasive testimony and their recollection of the events was deemed insufficient for the further prosecution. Testimonies in these cases substantially lacked in vividness and were devoid of visuospatial determinants of the rape event. Consequently, this often resulted in the case's dismissal.Conclusion: The unusual and problematic expression of these traumatic memories might indicate that these events were not properly stored in the conceptual form of memory. Ultimately, victims could not make any coherent recollection or reconstruct the cascade of events by using perceptual information. We argue that this could be due to an aberrant mechanism of memory storage and difficulties that emerge on the level of sensory input. This problem needs to be further examined and correspondingly accounted for since it can exert significant influence on judicial outcomes in the domain of sexual assault cases worldwide.

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“…During a traumatic experience, intense affect is registered in the amygdala, but such unusually high levels of activation of the amygdala hamper hipppocampal functioning (Applegate & Shapiro, 2005). Without the functioning of the hippocampus to provide a coherent and verbal narrative, trauma memories are affective and sensory based, experienced in the raw sense perceptions associated with the right brain (van der Kolk & Fisler, 1995;van der Kolk, Hopper, & Osterman, 2001). For some traumatized people, there may be no explicit, left-brain recall of the traumatic memory whatsoever; the memory may be stored only an implicit level.…”

Section: Right-brain Communicationmentioning

confidence: 98%

Resonance in the Dissociative Field: Examining the Therapist’s Internal Experience When a Patient Dissociates in Session

Strait

2014

Smith College Studies in Social Work

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Exploring the Nature of Traumatic Memory: Combining Clinical Knowledge with Laboratory Methods

Cited by 16 publications

References 1 publication

Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) re-examined as cognitive and emotional neuroentrainment

Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) re-examined as cognitive and emotional neuroentrainment

Violence Without a Face: The Analysis of Testimonies of Women Who Were Sexually Assaulted During the War in Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina

Resonance in the Dissociative Field: Examining the Therapist’s Internal Experience When a Patient Dissociates in Session

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