Exploring the Knowledge and Skills Required for Effective Family Caregiving in Elderly Home Care. A qualitative study

Abstract

Back ground: Family caregivers play a crucial role in providing physical, emotional, and social support to the elderly, allowing them to maintain their independence and stay in their preferred living environment. However, family caregivers face numerous challenges and require specific knowledge and skills to provide effective care. These caregivers are often untrained and may lack the necessary knowledge and skills to fulfill their caregiving responsibilities adequately. Therefore, understanding the knowledge and skills required for effective family caregiving in elderly home care is vital to support both the caregivers and the elderly recipients. Methods: The research was carried out in Mekelle City, Ethiopia, utilizing the phenomenology study design and purposive sampling technique. A total of twenty-two in-depth interviews were conducted. Data was gathered through the use of an open-ended guide, transcribed word-for-word, inputted into ATLAS.ti8 software, and translated. Codes and themes were then extracted from the transcribed data, and a thematic analysis was performed. Results: This study involved a total of 22 in-depth interviews. The findings revealed that while the participants possessed knowledge of common health issues faced by older individuals, they lacked knowledge regarding home based management care of these conditions and awareness of healthcare resources specially designed for the elderly. Additionally, they were not well informed about appropriate exercise routines, fall prevention, and home healthcare activities for older individuals. However, they demonstrated a strong understanding and awareness of abusive behaviors targeted towards older adults. Conclusion: The findings highlighted the need for improving education and training for family care givers in the management of geriatric health conditions, promoting awareness about specialized healthcare services for the elderly, enhancing knowledge of ADLs and fall prevention, and providing comprehensive training in healthcare activities relevant to elder care.