Exploring the Importance of Corticalization Occurring in Alveolar Bone Surrounding a Dental Implant

Kozakiewicz, Marcin; Wach, Tomasz

doi:10.3390/jcm11237189

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 108 publications

(130 reference statements)

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“…Since the fractal architecture concept is particularly interesting in surface and materials science, it also can be adapted to assess the surface of titanium dental implants. Texture analysis is used in dentistry or medicine to analyze images of computed tomography or X-ray [ 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 ]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Experimental Anodized and Low-Pressure Oxygen Plasma-Treated Titanium Dental Implant Surface—Preliminary Report

Hadzik

Jurczyszyn

Gębarowski

et al. 2023

IJMS

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Chemical composition and physical parameters of the implant surface, such as roughness, regulate the cellular response leading to implant bone osseointegration. Possible implant surface modifications include anodization or the plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) treatment process that produces a thick and dense oxide coating superior to normal anodic oxidation. Experimental modifications with Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation (PEO) titanium and titanium alloy Ti6Al4V plates and PEO additionally treated with low-pressure oxygen plasma (PEO-S) were used in this study to evaluate their physical and chemical properties. Cytotoxicity of experimental titanium samples as well as cell adhesion to their surface were assessed using normal human dermal fibroblasts (NHDF) or L929 cell line. Moreover, the surface roughness, fractal dimension analysis, and texture analysis were calculated. Samples after surface treatment have substantially improved properties compared to the reference SLA (sandblasted and acid-etched) surface. The surface roughness (Sa) was 0.59–2.38 µm, and none of the tested surfaces had cytotoxic effect on NHDF and L929 cell lines. A greater cell growth of NHDF was observed on the tested PEO and PEO-S samples compared to reference SLA sample titanium.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Experimental Anodized and Low-Pressure Oxygen Plasma-Treated Titanium Dental Implant Surface—Preliminary Report

Hadzik

Jurczyszyn

Gębarowski

et al. 2023

IJMS

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New Radiological Corticalization Index as an Indicator of Implant Success Rate Depending on Prosthetic Restoration—5 Years of Follow-Up

Wach,

Okulski,

Zieliński

et al. 2024

Diagnostics

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The new Radiological Corticalization Index (CI) is an indicator that describes bone remodeling near the dental implant’s neck at the pixel level and is not visible to the naked eye. The aim of this research was to evaluate the correlation between the CI and bone remodeling using only radiographic (RTG) images. RTG samples were divided into groups depending on prosthetic restoration; the implant neck area around dental implants was examined, and texture features of the RTG images were analyzed. The study also investigated the type of prosthetic restoration and its influence as a factor on bone structure. The statistical analysis included evaluating feature distribution, comparing means (t-test) or medians (W-test), and performing a regression analysis and one-way analysis of variance or the Kruskal–Wallis test, as no normal distribution or between-group variance was indicated for the significant differences in the investigated groups. Differences or relationships were considered statistically significant at p < 0.05. The research revealed correlations between single crowns, overdenture restoration, bridge restoration, platform switching, prosthetic fracture, CI, and also marginal bone loss where p was lower than 0.05. However, the corticalization phenomenon itself has not yet been fully explored. The findings suggest that, depending on the type of prosthetic restoration, the corticalization index may correlate with marginal bone loss or not. Further research is necessary, as the index is suspected to not be homogeneous.

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Is Corticalization in Radiographs Related to a Higher Risk of Bone Loss around Dental Implants in Smoking Patients? A 5-Year Observation of Radiograph Bone-Texture Changes

Wach,

Hadrowicz,

Trybek

et al. 2023

JCM

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Background: Currently, the topic of dental implants is widely researched. However, still compromising are the factors that can affect implant loss as a consequence of marginal bone loss. One of the factors is smoking, which has a devastating effect on human health and bone structure. Oral health and jaw condition are also negatively affected by smoking. The aim of this study was to evaluate the peri-implant jawbone corticalization phenomenon in tobacco smokers. Methods: A total of 2196 samples from 768 patients with an implant in the neck area were checked, and texture features were analyzed. The corticalization phenomenon was investigated. All analyses were performed in MaZda Software. The influence of corticalization was investigated as a factor on bone structure near the implant neck. The statistical analysis included a feature distribution evaluation, mean (t-test) or median (W-test) comparison, analysis of regression and one-way analysis of variance or Kruskal–Wallis test as no normal distribution or between-group variance was indicated for the significant differences in the investigated groups. Detected differences or relationships were assumed to be statistically significant when p < 0.05. Results: The research revealed that MBL was correlated with smoking after 5 years (0.42 mm ± 1.32 mm 0 mm ± 1.25 mm), the Corticalization Index was higher in the smoker group on the day of surgery, and it became higher after 5y of observation (185.98 ± 90.8 and 243.17 ± 155.47). The implant-loss frequency was higher in the group of smokers, too, compared to non-smokers (6.74% and 2.87%). The higher the torque value during the implant placement, the higher the Corticalization Phenomenon Index. Conclusions: The research revealed a correlation between smoking and changes in bone structure in radio textures near the implants. The corticalization phenomenon is important, may be detected immediately after implant placement and may be one of the indicators of the implant success rate.

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Exploring the Importance of Corticalization Occurring in Alveolar Bone Surrounding a Dental Implant

Cited by 4 publications

References 108 publications

An Experimental Anodized and Low-Pressure Oxygen Plasma-Treated Titanium Dental Implant Surface—Preliminary Report

An Experimental Anodized and Low-Pressure Oxygen Plasma-Treated Titanium Dental Implant Surface—Preliminary Report

New Radiological Corticalization Index as an Indicator of Implant Success Rate Depending on Prosthetic Restoration—5 Years of Follow-Up

Is Corticalization in Radiographs Related to a Higher Risk of Bone Loss around Dental Implants in Smoking Patients? A 5-Year Observation of Radiograph Bone-Texture Changes

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