Exploring the Impact of Technical Violations on Probation Revocations in the Context of Drug Court

Zettler, H; Martin, Kelli D.

doi:10.1007/s12103-020-09529-1

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Those on probation face significant demands and restrictions, as well as financial obligations and time burdens, alongside the constant threat of incarceration (Doherty, 2016; Schenwar & Law, 2020). Alcohol and drug testing (i.e., Urine Analysis [UA]) may be required while on probation in an effort to monitor or deter substance use (Zettler & Martin, 2020). Additionally, clients may be mandated to attend treatment programming, obtain employment, or other requirements.…”

Section: Theoretical Foundation: Gendered Pathways and Intersectional...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For instance, the type of offense and duration of supervision are also important factors to consider in probation outcomes. The offense shapes supervision level and subsequent treatment and surveillance (i.e., urinalysis, restrictions on residential location; Zettler & Martin, 2020). Risk assessments are intended to predict the likelihood of recidivism and are used to determine supervision level, yet questions exist in regard to potential gender and racial bias in such assessments (e.g., Boppre, 2019; Eckhouse et al, 2019).…”

Section: Theoretical Foundation: Gendered Pathways and Intersectional...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Examining “Mass Probation” Through an Intersectional Lens: The Intracategorical Effects of Race and Ethnicity on Women and Men’s Probation Outcomes in Kansas

Boppre

Sundt

Browne

2022

Crime & Delinquency

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Community supervision increased dramatically since the early 2000s. Similar to trends in prison admissions, the increase has not been equal across racial and ethnic groups. In addition to disparities in placement onto supervision, experiences under supervision and outcomes may also be shaped by intersecting identities. Accordingly, this study examined probation outcomes among 4,433 probation cases in 2018 in Kansas. We assess how race and ethnicity impact outcomes among women and men while controlling for criminogenic risk and need, offense, financial stability, and other factors using multilevel modeling. Results indicate that race and ethnicity were unrelated to probation outcomes for women; however, Black men were subject to the worst odds of probation outcomes. Policy and future research implications are discussed.

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Section: Theoretical Foundation: Gendered Pathways and Intersectional...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Theoretical Foundation: Gendered Pathways and Intersectional...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Examining “Mass Probation” Through an Intersectional Lens: The Intracategorical Effects of Race and Ethnicity on Women and Men’s Probation Outcomes in Kansas

Boppre

Sundt

Browne

2022

Crime & Delinquency

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“…In effect, drug courts tend to target "low-risk" individuals charged with purchasing or possessing illicit drugs, who do not necessarily have an actual substance use disorder [21,22], while excluding those with more serious criminal history who would, according to the risk-need-responsivity principles, most likely benefit from treatment [23,24]. Many drug courts require that participants pay fees [25][26][27], and failure to pay can result in sanctions or dismissal [26,27]. They also regularly deny access to medicationassisted treatment to people with opioid use disorder, despite this treatment being the gold standard [28,29].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The court, rather than the treatment center, becomes the focal point of the treatment process [16,17]. For instance, in situations where a client relapses, which is a normal and expected part of the recovery process, the judge can use temporary incarceration as a punishment [27,30].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of substance use disorder treatment as an alternative to imprisonment

Virtanen,

Aaltonen,

Latvala

et al. 2024

BMC Psychiatry

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Introduction Drug courts are criminal justice programs to divert people with substance use disorders from incarceration into treatment. Drug courts have become increasingly popular in the US and other countries. However, their effectiveness in reducing important public health outcomes such as recidivism and substance-related health harms remains ambiguous and contested. We used nationwide register data from Sweden to evaluate the effectiveness of contract treatment sanction, the Swedish version of drug court, in reducing substance misuse, adverse somatic and mental health outcomes, and recidivism. Methods In this prospective cohort study, two quasi-experimental designs were used: difference-in-differences and the within-individual design. In the latter, we compared the risk of outcomes during time on contract treatment to, 1) parole after imprisonment and, 2) probation. Results The cohort included 11,893 individuals (13% women) who underwent contract treatment. Contract treatment was associated with a reduction of 7 percentage points (95% CI: -.088, -.055) in substance misuse, 5 percentage points (-.064, -.034) in adverse mental health events, 9 percentage points (-.113, -.076) in adverse somatic health events, and 3 fewer charges (-3.16, -2.85) for crime in difference-in-differences analyses. Within-individual associations suggested that the same individual had longer times-to-event for all outcomes during contract treatment than on parole or on probation. Conclusions Contract treatment is an effective intervention from both public health and criminal justice perspective. Our findings suggest that it is a superior alternative to incarceration in its target group. Further, we find that an implementation approach that is less punitive and more inclusive than what is typical in the US can be successful.

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A retrospective study of the role of probation revocation in future criminal justice involvement

Diaz,

Lowder,

Northcutt Bohmert

et al. 2024

Journal of Criminal Justice

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Exploring the Impact of Technical Violations on Probation Revocations in the Context of Drug Court

Cited by 5 publications

References 45 publications

Examining “Mass Probation” Through an Intersectional Lens: The Intracategorical Effects of Race and Ethnicity on Women and Men’s Probation Outcomes in Kansas

Examining “Mass Probation” Through an Intersectional Lens: The Intracategorical Effects of Race and Ethnicity on Women and Men’s Probation Outcomes in Kansas

Effectiveness of substance use disorder treatment as an alternative to imprisonment

A retrospective study of the role of probation revocation in future criminal justice involvement

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