Exploring the impact of fair trade on the agricultural sector of Latin America: A review of the scientific literature

Abstract

In recent years, the number of agricultural exporting companies that obtain fair trade certification has increased significantly. This is done to achieve responsible business practices, demonstrate transparent and equitable trade with suppliers and customers. However, fair trade has recently been subject to various controversies and questions due to its application in both developed (DCs) and developing countries (LDCs). These include concerns related to improving the quality of life of small farmers, reducing environmental pollution, and the impact on consumer decisionmaking regarding agricultural products. The academy has addressed these issues from different perspectives, approaches, and geographical areas, resulting in different contradictions for the Latin American reality. In this regard, this study analyzes the main fairtrade trends generated through peer-reviewed publications in Latin America during the period 2010-2020. The methodology used was qualitative and bibliographic, with the most recent publications being analyzed through the systematic literature review technique and the use of VOSviewer software. The results determined a positive impact of fair trade on agricultural and social responsibility practices for environmental protection, as well as the modification of ethical patterns in consumer choice and the development of better socioeconomic, labor, and commercial variables for everyone involved in supply chains. This also favors the future generation of equitable wealth in an increasingly globalized world.