Exploring the Design Thinking Orientation in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) for Learners: An Instrument Development Study
Mujiono Mujiono,
Riza Weganofa,
Siane Herawati
Abstract:Design thinking has transformed many areas but is still under-researched in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) education. The research aims to develop an instrument for assessing design thinking in the EFL context. The study engaged 107 undergraduate students aged between 18 and 25 years from English-centric programs, ensuring a diverse sample with a balanced gender representation. Participants were briefed about the study’s objectives and voluntarily contributed during class hours. Confirmatory factor analys… Show more
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