Exploring the consumption of ultra-processed foods and its association with food addiction in overweight children

Filgueiras, Andrea Rocha; Almeida, Viviane Belucci Pires de; Nogueira, Paulo Roberto; Domene, Semíramis Martins Álvares; Silva, Carlos Eduardo da; Sesso, Ricardo; Sawaya, Ana Lydia

doi:10.1016/j.appet.2018.11.005

Cited by 79 publications

(89 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Sugar consumption has been studied as a food addiction [69]. Looking at food addiction in children with overweight, Filgueiras et al showed that 95% of children (n = 139) showed at least one sign of food addiction, with 24% being diagnosed with food addiction and higher added sugar and ultra-processed food consumption as main contributors to food addiction [70]. The present study showed that breakfast consumers had higher daily consumption of total sugars, added sugars, and carbohydrates.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 50%

Breakfast Consumption in Low-Income Hispanic Elementary School-Aged Children: Associations with Anthropometric, Metabolic, and Dietary Parameters

et al. 2020

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Breakfast consumption is associated with lower obesity prevalence and cardiometabolic risk and higher dietary quality (DQ) in children. Low-income, Hispanic populations are disproportionately affected by obesity and cardiometabolic risks. This study examined the relationship between breakfast consumption groups (BCG) on anthropometric, metabolic, and dietary parameters in predominately low-income, Hispanic children from 16 Texas schools. Cross-sectional data were from TX Sprouts, a school-based gardening, nutrition, and cooking randomized controlled trial. Anthropometric measurements included height, weight, body mass index, body fat percent via bioelectrical impedance, waist circumference, and blood pressure. Metabolic parameters included fasting plasma glucose, insulin, glycated hemoglobin, cholesterol, and triglycerides. DQ and BCG were assessed via two 24-h dietary recalls. Multivariate multiple regression examined relationships between BCG and anthropometric, metabolic, and dietary parameters. This study included 671 students (mean age 9 years, 58% Hispanic, 54% female, 66% free/reduced lunch, 17% breakfast skippers). No relationships were observed between BCG and anthropometric or metabolic parameters. BCG had higher DQ; higher daily protein, total sugar, and added sugar intake; and lower daily fat intake. Skipping breakfast was associated with lower DQ; higher daily fat intake; and lower daily protein intake. Longitudinal research examining breakfast quality on cardiometabolic outcomes in low-income, Hispanic children is warranted.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 50%

Breakfast Consumption in Low-Income Hispanic Elementary School-Aged Children: Associations with Anthropometric, Metabolic, and Dietary Parameters

et al. 2020

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“…In addition to nutrient level mechanisms, an excess intake of UPF is inversely associated with a lower intake of fruits and vegetables, foods that are known to prevent CVD (51) . Furthermore, given that obesity is a significant predictor of poor cardiometabolic health (52,53) , a high intake of UPF, which has occurred following aggressive advertising and marketing of UPF (54,55) , may promote obesity through a disruption of hunger and satiety (56,57) . Thus, these mechanisms support the association between UPF consumption and an unhealthy lipid profile, potentially increasing the risk of CVD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Longitudinal associations between ultra-processed foods and blood lipids in childhood

et al. 2020

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Emerging evidence suggests that the consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPF) plays a role in the development of chronic diseases, but evidence of their influence in children is limited. Our objective was to study longitudinal trends of UPF intake and determine their impact on blood lipids in young children. The present study was a follow-up of a randomised field trial of children (n 308) from Porto Alegre, Brazil. Dietary intake was collected using two 24-h recalls at 3 and 6 years of age, and consumption of UPF was classified according to the NOVA system, a food classification based on the extent and purpose of industrial food processing. At age 6 years, blood tests were performed to measure lipid profile. Contribution of UPF to total energy intake increased by 10 % during the follow-up period, from 43·4 % at 3 years to 47·7 % at 6 years of age. Linear regression models showed that children in the highest tertile of UPF consumption at age 3 years had higher levels of total cholesterol (TC; β 0·22 mmol/l; 95 % CI 0·04, 0·39) and TAG at age 6 years (β 0·11 mmol/l, 95 % CI 0·01, 0·20) compared with those in the lowest tertile. A positive dose–response was observed for an absolute increment of 10 % of UPF on TC (β 0·07 mmol/l, 95 % CI 0·00, 0·14) and TAG (β 0·04 mmol/l, 95 % CI 0·01, 0·07). Based on our data, consumption of UPF increased significantly over time and was associated with higher blood lipid levels in children from a low-income community. Our findings highlight the need for effective strategies to minimise the consumption of UPF in early life.

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“…The high consumption of ultra‐processed foods observed in our study are cause for concern because of the evidence linking increases in the dietary share of ultra‐processed foods to deterioration of the nutritional quality of the overall diet. Particularly concerning for this population is the fact that beyond carrying more than 90% of all added sugars in the diet, ultra‐processed foods as a whole are typically attractively packaged, aggressively marketed, and appealing to children; they promote food addiction and overconsumption, and they take the place of healthy homemade dishes, increasing energy density of diets and potentially promoting micronutrient deficiencies—all of which could have adverse health‐related consequences to children.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Consumption of ultra‐processed foods and its association with added sugar content in the diets of US children, NHANES 2009‐2014

2019

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Background: There is cumulative recognition that increases in the dietary share of ultra-processed foods result in deterioration of the nutritional quality of the overall diet and adverse health outcomes. Objective:The purpose of this study was to assess the consumption of ultraprocessed foods and to examine its association with added sugar content in the diet of US children aged 2 to 19 years. Methods:We classified all food items according to the NOVA food classification system and looked at the consumption of ultra-processed foods, measured as percentage of total energy intake. We assessed dietary added sugar content by estimating its contribution to total energy intake and the proportion of individuals with diets exceeding the recommended limit of 10% of total energy intake from added sugars. We also examined the proportion of those who surpassed twice that limit. Gaussian and Poisson regressions estimated the association between consumption of ultra-processed foods and estimates of added sugar content.Results: Ultra-processed foods contributed to 65% of total energy intake and to 92% of energy from added sugars in the diet of US children. The mean percent energy provided by added sugars in the observed period was 14.3%. Most individuals (70.9%) had diets exceeding the recommended limit of added sugar (<10% of total energy intake), and 18.4% of the population had diets surpassing twice the recommended level (20% of total energy intake). A 5.5% point increase in the dietary share of ultra-processed foods determined a 1 percentage point increase in the dietary content of added sugars, with stronger adjusted associations among younger children. Conclusions:Public health efforts to reduce added sugars in the diet of US children must put greater emphasis on decreasing the consumption of ultra-processed foods.

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Exploring the consumption of ultra-processed foods and its association with food addiction in overweight children

Cited by 79 publications

References 43 publications

Breakfast Consumption in Low-Income Hispanic Elementary School-Aged Children: Associations with Anthropometric, Metabolic, and Dietary Parameters

Breakfast Consumption in Low-Income Hispanic Elementary School-Aged Children: Associations with Anthropometric, Metabolic, and Dietary Parameters

Longitudinal associations between ultra-processed foods and blood lipids in childhood

Consumption of ultra‐processed foods and its association with added sugar content in the diets of US children, NHANES 2009‐2014

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