Exploring the Concept of Team Situation Awareness in a Simulated Air Combat Environment

Abstract

This paper evaluates team SA in air combat simulations. Team composition (in terms of diversity in team members' experience) as a factor that could influence team SA is analyzed in a study of 16 military fighter pilots performing simulated air combat missions in teams of two. The study used different measures to assess team SA, including SAGAT, self-appraisal, appraisal of teammate's state, and teamwork behavior and communication. The analysis of intercorrelations between different measures of team SA shows that they are not fully overlapping. The results show high association between good SA and team interaction as measured by information sharing and feedback, support, and backup behavior. The results also suggest the potential negative impact of diversity in team members' experience on team SA and interaction processes. Finally, we reveal that teams that perform well are characterized by individuals with high SA related to own task, well-calibrated confidence level, and good team interaction. On the other hand, teams that perform well do not necessarily do better in estimating their self-SA and teammate's status.

Prediction in Situation Awareness: Confidence Bias and Underlying Cognitive Abilities

“…2. Overconfidence would be more pronounced on the more difficult task (Lichtenstein et al, 1982); in this case Level 3 versus Levels 1 and These data are reported, within a different theoretical context, in Sulistyawati, Wickens, and Chui (2009).…”

The Divergence of Objective and Subjective Situation Awareness: A Meta-Analysis

“…A number of studies reviewed here were in line with these recommendations, for example, focusing on overall over-or underconfidence in SA rather than simple correlations (Lichacz, 2008(Lichacz, , 2009Lichacz et al, 2003;Sulistyawati et al, 2009Sulistyawati et al, , 2011. Others attempted to separate response bias from sensitivity assessments using d' and ROC curves (Edgar, Edgar, & Curry, 2003;McGuinness, 2004).…”

“…At least one measure of SA, QUASA, has attempted to combine both an objective assessment of SA (via SAGAT like probes), along with a subjective rating of how confident the person is in their answers (Edgar, Edgar, & Curry, 2003;McGuinness, 2004). Related to the issue of meta-awareness, the appropriate calibration of a person's confidence level (e.g., degree of underconfidence or overconfidence) has also received attention (Lichacz, 2008(Lichacz, , 2009Sulistyawati, Wickens, & Chui, 2009, 2011.…”

A task analysis toward characterizing cyber-cognitive situation awareness (CCSA) in cyber defense analysts

“…c) The Team Not all cyber defense analysts work in a team, but all personnel surveyed here indicated a team is critical to their success. Situation awareness in the team-critical environment has been the topic of study, even in the cyber domain [28]- [30]. The team dynamic brings several additional awareness requirements, uncovered in our analysis of cyber defenders.…”