Exploring the Concept of “Kalimāt” in the Quran and Hadith: A Preliminary Survey of Relevant Issues and Literature

Abstract

The term “kalimah,” as found in both the Quran and hadith, has engendered significant scholarly discourse due to its multifaceted definitions and theological implications. The extant body of literature scrutinises various aspects of kalimah, encompassing its linguistic explications, its attribution to Allah, its juxtaposition with human utterance, and its correlation with cosmic order and the broader universe. Furthermore, the surveyed materials underscore the paramount importance of comprehending the myriad forms and applications of kalimah within the Quran and hadith. Scholars have delved into its grammatical intricacies, didactic significance, and diverse connotations. Additionally, the interplay between kalimah and the divine ordinances governing the universe, often referred to as al-sunan al-ilāhiyyah, has been a subject of contemplation and interpretation. In a broader context, the literature on kalimah serves as an exemplar of the expansive domain of Islamic scholarship and the unceasing pursuit to fathom the profound concepts embedded in Islamic scripture. The study demonstrates a profound awareness of the intricate nature inherent in the concept of kalimah, transcending not only the religious context but also within the domain of linguistic scholarship. The concept of kalimah is deeply intertwined with several other pertinent debates within the academic sphere. These encompass discussions concerning the nature and discipline of kalām in Islamic theology, the exploration of divine attributes, and the examination of the concept of jawāmiʿ al-kalim (compact speech) attributed to the Prophet Muḥammad. This literature review lays the foundational groundwork for forthcoming systematic inquiries and theological dialogues pertaining to kalimah, thereby augmenting the comprehension of devout Muslims, and fostering a deeper connection to their religious heritage.