Exploring the Career Pipeline: Gender Differences in Pre-Career Expectations

Abstract

Résumé de l'articleLa théorie du pipeline suggère que l'augmentation du nombre de femmes dans les professions dominées par les hommes devrait conduire à davantage d'égalité sur le marché du travail. Cette perspective ne prend toutefois pas en considération les différences d'attentes entre les hommes et les femmes dans le pipeline qui peuvent faire en sorte de perpétuer les iniquités. Cette étude explore les différences dans le choix de la préparation à une carrière, les attentes face à la carrière, et les priorités en matière de carrière chez 23 413 jeunes, hommes et femmes, à partir d'un vaste échantillon d'étudiantes et d'étudiants canadiens de niveau postsecondaire prêts à entreprendre leur première carrière.Nos résultats indiquent que même si les femmes accèdent de plus en plus à des professions où les hommes dominent, comme en sciences et génie et en administration des affaires, elles continuent d'avoir des attentes salariales plus faibles et de penser qu'il leur faudra plus de temps que leurs collègues masculins pour obtenir une promotion, quoique les jeunes femmes faisant carrière dans des professions masculines affichaient des attentes salariales plus élevées que celles faisant carrière dans des professions féminines.De plus, les jeunes femmes affichent une préférence pour des priorités de carrière de type « beta » (par ex., rechercher un équilibre entre travail et famille), lesquelles sont associées à des salaires plus faibles, tandis que les jeunes hommes affichent une préférence de priorités de carrière de type « alpha » (par ex., construire une base financière solide), lesquelles sont associées à des salaires plus élevés. Notre étude montre également que même si les femmes accèdent en plus grand nombre à des professions masculines, cela ne conduit pas nécessairement à plus d'égalité pour elles sur le marché du travail. Nous en concluons que les iniquités sur le marché du travail sont déjà bien visibles dans le pipeline pré-carrière sous la forme 66-3, 2011, 422-444 Exploring the Career Pipeline: Gender Differences in Pre-Career Expectations Linda Schweitzer, Eddy Ng, Sean Lyons and Lisa Kuron the pipeline theory suggests that increasing the number of women in maledominated fields should lead to more equality in the labour market. this presumes that women and men in the pipeline expect comparable career outcomes. this study explores differences in academic preparation, career expectations, and career priorities among 23,413 canadian post-secondary students. our results indicate that women have lower salary expectations and expect longer times to promotion than men, and this gap is greater in male-dominated fields. Furthermore, women pursue career priorities that are associated with lower salaries. Gender explained the greatest amount of variance in expectations, regardless of field of study, academic achievement, or career goals. our findings suggest that inequities in the labour market originate as gendered expectations within the pipeline. We offer recommendations to increase gender equality.© d...

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