Exploring the Brassinosteroid Signaling in Monocots Reveals Novel Components of the Pathway and Implications for Plant Breeding

Gruszka, Damian

doi:10.3390/ijms21010354

Cited by 29 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 134 publications

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“…Three DE transcripts were found associated with the brassinosteroid pathway (EXORDIUM, guanine nucleotide-binding protein α-1 subunit and serine/threonine protein phosphatase 2A 55 kDa regulatory subunit B). This pathway has previously been mentioned by other authors as being associated with megagametogenesis in Poaceae [ 87 ] and apomixis induction [ 88 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 57%

Genes Modulating the Increase in Sexuality in the Facultative Diplosporous Grass Eragrostis curvula under Water Stress Conditions

Selva

Zappacosta

Carballo

et al. 2020

Genes

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Eragrostis curvula presents mainly facultative genotypes that reproduce by diplosporous apomixis, retaining a percentage of sexual pistils that increase under drought and other stressful situations, indicating that some regulators activated by stress could be affecting the apomixis/sexual switch. Water stress experiments were performed in order to associate the increase in sexual embryo sacs with the differential expression of genes in a facultative apomictic cultivar using cytoembryology and RNA sequencing. The percentage of sexual embryo sacs increased from 4 to 24% and 501 out of the 201,011 transcripts were differentially expressed (DE) between control and stressed plants. DE transcripts were compared with previous transcriptomes where apomictic and sexual genotypes were contrasted. The results point as candidates to transcripts related to methylation, ubiquitination, hormone and signal transduction pathways, transcription regulation and cell wall biosynthesis, some acting as a general response to stress and some that are specific to the reproductive mode. We suggest that a DNA glycosylase EcROS1-like could be demethylating, thus de-repressing a gene or genes involved in the sexuality pathways. Many of the other DE transcripts could be part of a complex mechanism that regulates apomixis and sexuality in this grass, the ones in the intersection between control/stress and apo/sex being the strongest candidates.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 57%

Genes Modulating the Increase in Sexuality in the Facultative Diplosporous Grass Eragrostis curvula under Water Stress Conditions

Selva

Zappacosta

Carballo

et al. 2020

Genes

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“…However, it is not completely understood whether BRs exert this effect directly or indirectly [19,91]. Taking into account the HvSOD activity in the BR-insensitive NILs, it may also be postulated that the BR-dependent negative regulation of the HvSOD activity can be mediated by a signaling pathway which is alternative to the canonical BRI1-BAK1 pathway (which is defective in the analyzed NILs), i.e., by the BR signaling pathway initiated by the heterotrimeric G proteins [92].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insights into Metabolic Reactions of Semi-Dwarf, Barley Brassinosteroid Mutants to Drought

Gruszka

Pociecha

Jurczyk

et al. 2020

IJMS

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The roles of endogenous brassinosteroids (BRs) in the modulation of reaction to drought and genetic regulation of this process are still obscure. In this study, a multidirectional analysis was performed on semi-dwarf barley (Hordeum vulgare) Near-Isogenic Lines (NILs) and the reference cultivar “Bowman” to get insights into various aspects of metabolic reaction to drought. The NILs are defective in BR biosynthesis or signaling and displayed an enhanced tolerance to drought. The BR metabolism perturbations affected the glucose and fructose accumulation under the control and stress conditions. The BR metabolism abnormalities negatively affected the sucrose accumulation as well. However, during drought, the BR-deficient NILs accumulated higher contents of sucrose than the “Bowman” cultivar. Under the control conditions, accumulation of transcripts encoding antioxidant enzymes ascorbate peroxidase (HvAPX) and superoxide dismutase (HvSOD) was BR-dependent. However, during drought, the accumulation of HvAPX transcript was BR-dependent, whereas accumulations of transcripts encoding catalase (HvCAT) and HvSOD were not affected by the BR metabolism perturbations. The obtained results reveal a significant role of BRs in regulation of the HvAPX and HvCAT enzymatic activities under control conditions and the HvAPX and HvSOD activities during physiological reactions to drought.

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“…Brassinosteroids (BRs) are a class of steroidal phytohormones that play an essential role in regulating diverse processes during the whole life cycle of plants and plants' adaptation to abiotic stresses [48,49]. Based on the total number of carbons, BRs are divided into C27, C28, and C29-type.…”

Section: Br Biosynthetic or Signaling Pathwaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving Crop Lodging Resistance by Adjusting Plant Height and Stem Strength

et al. 2021

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Crop height not only determines plant resistance to lodging and crowding, but also affects crop architecture, apical dominance, biomass, and mechanical harvesting. Plant height is determined by the internode elongation, regulated by genes involved in gibberellin (GA) and brassinosteroid (BR) biosynthesis or related signaling networks. Plants’ genetic inability to synthesize or respond to GAs and BRs induce dwarfness. However, the signaling mechanisms of GAs and BRs for controlling plant height individually or collectively are still unclear. Since stem mechanically supports plant during the whole life span, components that affect stem physical strength are also important to crop lodging resistance. One of the major components is lignin, which forms stem structure, thus contributing to crop lodging resistance. In this review, we looked into the reported genes involved in lignin, GAs, and BRs biosynthesis and summarized the signaling networks centered by these genes. Then, we filled the knowledge gap by modifying plant height through interrupting normal GA and BR metabolism utilizing core gene inhibitors. Therefore, we highly endorsed the current approaches of using plant growth regulators (PRGs) to maintain an ideal plant height under lodging stress, and proposed possibilities of modifying crop culm strength against lodging as well.

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Exploring the Brassinosteroid Signaling in Monocots Reveals Novel Components of the Pathway and Implications for Plant Breeding

Cited by 29 publications

References 134 publications

Genes Modulating the Increase in Sexuality in the Facultative Diplosporous Grass Eragrostis curvula under Water Stress Conditions

Genes Modulating the Increase in Sexuality in the Facultative Diplosporous Grass Eragrostis curvula under Water Stress Conditions

Insights into Metabolic Reactions of Semi-Dwarf, Barley Brassinosteroid Mutants to Drought

Improving Crop Lodging Resistance by Adjusting Plant Height and Stem Strength

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