Exploring the bone regeneration potential of bio-fabricated nano-titania reinforced polyvinyl alcohol / nano-cellulose based composite film

Surface modification of TiO2 nanoparticles with organic molecules and their biological applications

“…Fatima et al prepared a TiO 2 NPdoped ternary nanocomposite film (PVA/NC-TiO 2 ) by the fusion of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), nano-cellulose (NC), and TiO 2 NPs (0.01 wt%), as well as its binary nanocomposite film (PVA/ NC). 275 The presence of TiO 2 NPs in the structure of this film significantly improved the thermo-mechanical stability of the nanocomposite film, which can be due to an enhancement of intermolecular interactions in the PVA/NC-TiO 2 film, compared to the PVA/NC binary film. Furthermore, their results showed a higher glass transition temperature and a storage modulus of the PVA/NC-TiO 2 film (9131.26 MPa, 74.3 1C) than those of the PVA/NC film (7588 MPa, 64.3 1C).…”

“…However, for using scaffolds, it requires to blend this polymer with other polymers and inorganic fillers to improve the mechanical and biological properties. 275 Currently, nano-cellulose has been attracting considerable interest due to its strengthening effect, biodegradability, high surface area, non-toxicity, and great mechanical/optical properties. Cellulose can also support cell attachment and facilitate apatite growth.…”

“…Because of these typical properties, they have been incorporated into nanocomposites and the polymer matrix as reinforcing materials improving the desired properties, which makes it a good choice for biomedical applications. 275 TiO 2 NPs are ideal illustration of inorganic fillers due to their cell adhesion and anti-corrosive properties. Fatima et al prepared a TiO 2 NPdoped ternary nanocomposite film (PVA/NC-TiO 2 ) by the fusion of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), nano-cellulose (NC), and TiO 2 NPs (0.01 wt%), as well as its binary nanocomposite film (PVA/ NC).…”

Combinatorial approach to fabricate silica doped polyvinyl alcohol/hydroxyapatite/carrageenan nanocomposite for bone regeneration applications

“…3,9,[23][24][25][26][27][28] In addition, PVA has great film constructing ability along with better emulsifying characteristics. 29 Several experiments had been reported where PVA blended with ceramic fillers such as TiO 2 , SiO 2 , tetraethoxysilane (TEOS), and few more to fabricate nanocomposites with improved properties and functionalities. Silicon dioxide attracts researchers for bone calcification process because of its non-toxicity and significant biocompatibility.…”

“…16,26,27 PVA can be also combined with natural polymers such as cellulose, chitosan and carrageenan to enhance the biological parameters, which holds PVA in higher place in biomedical applications. 27,[29][30][31] Carrageenan, a natural anionic polysaccharide builds up with galactose and anhydrogalactose repeating units carrying substantial amount of sulfate groups. Depending upon the variable sulfate groups per disaccharide unit, carrageenan can be of three types: kappa, iota and lambda carrageenan.…”