“…The emergence of wireless technology and a variety of mobile-device innovations have received a great deal of attention in the field of education ( Sung, Chang, & Liu, 2016 ; Sung, Chang, & Yang, 2015 ). Mobile devices offer features of portability, social connectivity, context sensitivity, and individuality, which desktop computers might not offer ( Chinnery, 2006 ; Gao, Liu, & Paas, 2016 ; Lan & Lin, 2016 ; Song, 2014 ; Zheng & Yu, 2016 ). Mobile devices have made learning movable, real-time, collaborative, and seamless ( Kukulska-Hulme, 2009 ; Wong & Looi, 2011 ), which may be called “mobile learning” in general.…”