“…Additionally, there exists supporting evidence from other research studies confirming the impact of sections on displacement. 3,60 Figure 16.3 D surface plots of Mass of Displacement for bending test versus type of Fiber, section and fiber rate for 10%, 15% and 25%.Figure 17.3 D surface plots of Mass of Displacement for bending test versus type of Fiber, section for (115mm 2 , 125mm 2 and 135mm 2 ) and fiber rate.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Additionally, there exists supporting evidence from other research studies confirming the impact of sections on displacement. 3,60 After conducting multiple objective optimizations through both ANN and RSM, the distinctions in errors are portrayed through bar diagrams in Figure 18. It's clear that while there exists a minor variance between the experimental outcomes and the predictions generated by ANN, the disparities in RSM are notably substantial and pertinent.…”
Section: Ann and Rsm Modelling Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Bending samples were created for each type: Luffa-Polymer, Sisal-Polymer and Diss-Polymer. Each containing different rate of fiber (10%, 15% and 25%), these are ratios of fibers used by researchers, 3,33 the fibers were combined with polymer. This was procured from the local market after consolidation.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…This is attributed to the potential growth of plant fibers within the industrial sector. [1][2][3] Due to their lightweight, strength, and rigidity, serving as an alternative to fiberglass, 4 fiber-reinforced composites are employed to enhance various industrial applications, including medical devices, prosthetics, and the aerospace industry. [5][6][7] Various industries, including automotive, aerospace, construction and medical fields have adopted these composite materials.…”
This study explores the relationship between natural fiber filling density (10%, 15%, 25%) and its impact on the bending properties of polymer compounds reinforced with Diss, Sisal and Luffa fibers. Using advanced techniques like fiber analysis and Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR), the research reveals that a 25% filling density results in the highest stress values (25.61 MPa, 22.21 MPa and 20.88 MPa) for Diss, Sisal and Luffa compounds, respectively, fostering robust bonds in Diss-reinforced polymers. The Artificial Neural Network (ANN) model demonstrates superior predictive capability with correlation coefficients exceeding 0.99 for stress and displacement, outperforming Response Surface Methodology (RSM). Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) underscores the impact of sample section parameters and fiber rate on stress, establishing the significance of type parameters and fiber rate on displacement. This integration of ANN and RSM represents a paradigm shift in predicting bending mechanical properties, advancing our understanding of composite materials for innovative applications.
“…Additionally, there exists supporting evidence from other research studies confirming the impact of sections on displacement. 3,60 Figure 16.3 D surface plots of Mass of Displacement for bending test versus type of Fiber, section and fiber rate for 10%, 15% and 25%.Figure 17.3 D surface plots of Mass of Displacement for bending test versus type of Fiber, section for (115mm 2 , 125mm 2 and 135mm 2 ) and fiber rate.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Additionally, there exists supporting evidence from other research studies confirming the impact of sections on displacement. 3,60 After conducting multiple objective optimizations through both ANN and RSM, the distinctions in errors are portrayed through bar diagrams in Figure 18. It's clear that while there exists a minor variance between the experimental outcomes and the predictions generated by ANN, the disparities in RSM are notably substantial and pertinent.…”
Section: Ann and Rsm Modelling Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Bending samples were created for each type: Luffa-Polymer, Sisal-Polymer and Diss-Polymer. Each containing different rate of fiber (10%, 15% and 25%), these are ratios of fibers used by researchers, 3,33 the fibers were combined with polymer. This was procured from the local market after consolidation.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…This is attributed to the potential growth of plant fibers within the industrial sector. [1][2][3] Due to their lightweight, strength, and rigidity, serving as an alternative to fiberglass, 4 fiber-reinforced composites are employed to enhance various industrial applications, including medical devices, prosthetics, and the aerospace industry. [5][6][7] Various industries, including automotive, aerospace, construction and medical fields have adopted these composite materials.…”
This study explores the relationship between natural fiber filling density (10%, 15%, 25%) and its impact on the bending properties of polymer compounds reinforced with Diss, Sisal and Luffa fibers. Using advanced techniques like fiber analysis and Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR), the research reveals that a 25% filling density results in the highest stress values (25.61 MPa, 22.21 MPa and 20.88 MPa) for Diss, Sisal and Luffa compounds, respectively, fostering robust bonds in Diss-reinforced polymers. The Artificial Neural Network (ANN) model demonstrates superior predictive capability with correlation coefficients exceeding 0.99 for stress and displacement, outperforming Response Surface Methodology (RSM). Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) underscores the impact of sample section parameters and fiber rate on stress, establishing the significance of type parameters and fiber rate on displacement. This integration of ANN and RSM represents a paradigm shift in predicting bending mechanical properties, advancing our understanding of composite materials for innovative applications.
Purpose
This study experimentally developed and characterised dry-blended Polycaprolactone (PCL)/date palm fibre biodegradable composites for sustainable packaging applications. Date palm fibres are collected from date palm trees as by-products or waste materials. They will be valorised in bio-composite application to promote fibre-based sustainable packaging items over their non-biodegradable synthetic polymer based conventional packaging products. In the dry-blending process, fibre and polymer are mixed with a shear mixer, while, in a melt-blending process, an extruder is used to extrude fibre/polymer blends after applying heating and high shear pressure to melt and mix polymer with fibres. Dry-blending process offers many comparative advantages, such as less equipment, steps, cost, process degradation, energy consumption and hence, lower harmful environmental emissions; while, a proper fibre/polymer mixing is a challenge and it needs to be achieved properly in this process. Therefore, it is important to understand the effects of dry-blending process on manufacturing of PCL/date palm fibre bio-composites for packaging applications, before promoting the dry-blending as a suitable alternative to the melt-blending process.
Methods
Short chopped fibres were grinded as powders and dry-blended at a ratio of (0 − 10%) (w/w) with PCL polymer using hand and a shear mixer for 30 min, following a compression moulding process to produce bio-composite samples. Tensile, water contact angle, SEM, TGA, DSC and DMA tests and analysis were conducted. The dry-blended PCL/date palm fibre composites’ properties were compared with reported melt-blended samples’ results found in literature.
Results
Dry-blended samples showed an increase in tensile modulus values (up-to 20%) with fibre inclusion and these values were found close to the melt-blended samples in the literature. Tensile strength and strain values were reduced which could be related to the poor fibre/polymer interface. Fibre addition affected the thermal, thermo-mechanical and crystallisation processes in PCL polymer matrix.
Conclusion
Dry-blending is capable of producing bio-composites with a very comparable properties to melt-blended counterparts, although a more details study is needed to conduct in future. The results of this study, could be used carefully to design dry-blended PCL/date palm fibre bio-composites for possible packaging applications. The irregular fibre distribution in dry-blended samples could be improved in different ways which should be investigated in future.
Graphical Abstract
The essential objective of this work was to investigate the effect of silane treatment on the tensile and impact strength of composites made of jute/kenaf/glass fibers with the TiO2 nano-filler. This study also sought to optimize the factors connected with this treatment method. To develop and evaluate trials, the researchers used Response Surface Methodology (RSM) with central composite designs, emphasizing the optimization of silane concentration, immersion time, and nano-filler content. The researchers were able to effectively create quadratic models to forecast the tensile and impact strengths of the nano-composite throughout the silane treatment procedure. The adjustment of silane concentration, immersion duration, and nano-filler content discovered the best conditions for obtaining maximum tensile strength. The optimal values for silane concentration and immersion time have been identified to be 15 wt. % and 30 min, respectively. Considering these conditions, the composite’s tensile strength increased by 32.13% and its impact strength improved by 8.34% above the lowest values achieved from RSM optimization. The results demonstrate the practical value of silane treatment, notably in boosting tensile and impact strengths while enhancing interfacial adhesive among natural fibers and polymer matrices.
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