Exploring Tannery Solid Wastes as a Source of Animal Feed

Abstract

This review delves into the processing of tannery solid waste, emphasizing fleshings and chromium-tanned leather waste. This paper centers on fat recovery, chromium elimination, and protein preservation, aiming to make them apt for animal consumption. This paper also assesses the potential of introducing such recycled products to the global market. Drawing on the literature from the past two decades, sourced comprehensively from Scopus and Web of Science, 36 articles were selected because of their significant contributions from leather production powerhouses such as India and Brazil. Fleshings have shown immense potential as animal feed, and the extraction of tallow and collagen from rawhide trimmings yields up to 98% and 93%, respectively. Fermented tannery fleshings, notably with Enterococcus faecium HAB01, also demonstrate strong antioxidant capabilities. The overarching consensus emphasizes the need for rigorous purification when dealing with chromium-containing wastes, addressing concerns tied to Cr (III) and Cr (VI). Furthermore, raw tannery fleshings stand out as a sustainable, cost-effective, and globally marketable solution for animal feed production.

The Effects of Unconventional Feed Fermentation on Intestinal Oxidative Stress in Animals

“…These by-products are rich in nutrients and can be used to make various types of feed, providing comprehensive nutritional support for the animals. For example, bones are rich in minerals such as calcium and phosphorus, which can be used as a supplement to minerals in feed to make bone meal or bone pulp [ 49 ], offal is rich in protein and fat, which can be used as raw materials for high-protein feed, and fur can be processed into high-protein animal fur powder as a protein source for animal feed [ 50 ]. Suryadi et al [ 51 ] used rice-water microbial fermentation technology to transform snail meat into a new probiotic product that can be used for feed supplementation.…”