Exploring rice genotypes for anaerobic germination: Towards sustainable direct seeding

Abstract

Direct-seeded rice (DSR) production is the primary focus of this study, which explores the diversity of rice genotypes concerning their ability to withstand anaerobic germination conditions. Using advanced statistical analysis, a total of 250 rice cultivars were assessed for several anaerobic germination attributes. Significant variability was observed among genotypes for key traits including germination % (ARC14855, AG 387), shoot length and seedling dry weight, indicating potential donors for anaerobic germination tolerance. Trait association analysis, variability analysis, principal component analysis and cluster analysis were employed to uncover the genetic and phenotypic factors influencing anaerobic germination tolerance. The genotypes of cluster III could be used as donors for anaerobic germination studies, as the genotypes have revealed high average values for all the traits. The findings underscore the importance of genetic variability and heritability in breeding resilient rice varieties suited for DSR cultivation, offering valuable insights for enhancing rice cultivation practices in the face of challenges such as water scarcity and labour shortages. To improve the sustainability and productivity of paddy production systems, this research advances rice breeding procedures that aim to create varieties tolerant to anaerobic conditions.