Exploring phylogeny of the microsoroid ferns (Polypodiaceae) based on six plastid DNA markers

Abstract

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On the spore ornamentation of the microsoroid ferns (microsoroideae, polypodiaceae)

“…Field) differed from the other species assigned to Colysis C. Presl (= Leptochilus). Phylogenetic analyses showed this species to belong Dendroconche, and not to Leptochilus (Chen et al 2020;Testo et al 2019). In addition, spore ornamentation of the broadly defined Phymatosorus Pic.Serm has been found to be heterogenous (Tryon and Lugardon 1991), which is consistent with the polyphyly of the genus in the latest phylogenetic analyses (Chen et al 2020).…”

“…Based on the latest hypothesis of phylogeny, and the available spore surface data, we chose species from each of the 15 out of 16 currently accepted genera, plus two Microsorum groups MG4 and MG5 (Chen et al 2020;Testo et al 2019;Zhang et al 2020), with at least one species per genus/group, but recently described Ellipinema (Zhang et al 2020) was not included because we did not have access to any material of this new genus. We also considered the subclades of larger genera, such as Lepisorus, and sampled them as thoroughly as possible (Wang et al 2010;Zhao et al 2019).…”

“…The chloroplast sequences (rbcL, rps4 + rps4-trnS, trnL + trnL-trnF, atpA, atpB and matK) for molecular analyses were mostly those used in previous studies (e.g., Chen et al 2020), but several previously unpublished sequences were added to the analyses here. Voucher information and Genbank accession numbers are provided in Table 1.…”

“…Voucher information and Genbank accession numbers are provided in Table 1. DNA extraction, amplification, and sequencing methods are described in Chen et al (2020).…”

“…Using the most recent robust phylogenetic hypotheses, it is now possible to re-evaluate the taxonomic value of the spore wall ornamentation. To achieve this, we integrated the spore surface data of the microsoroid ferns from previous, and our own studies, into the latest phylogenetic hypotheses with the aim to reconstruct the ancestral spore type for each clade/genus, as presented in Chen et al (2020), and to assess possible trends of the spore surface development in the microsoroid ferns.…”