Exploring Peers as a Mediator of the Association Between Depression and Smoking in Young Adolescents

Ritt-Olson, Anamara; Unger, Jennifer B.; Valente, Tom; Nezami, Elahe; Chou, Chih-Ping; Trinidad, Dennis R.; Milam, Joel; Earleywine, Mitchell; Tan, Sylvia; Johnson, C. Anderson

doi:10.1081/ja-200030505

Cited by 28 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Health as a value-Participants responded to a previously modified version of Lau's 4-item Health as a value scale (Lau, Hartman, & Ware, 1986;Ritt-Olson et al, 2005). A mean was taken from this measure that used a 4-point Likert-type scale that ranged from "not true" to "completely true" (Cronbach's α=0.63).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk factors for alcohol use, frequent use, and binge drinking among young men who have sex with men

Wong

Kipke

Weiss

2008

Addictive Behaviors

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We examined the prevalence and patterns of alcohol use within a large, ethnically diverse sample of young men who have sex with men (YMSM) and identified psychosocial correlates of these alcoholuse patterns. A sample of 526 YMSM (ages 18-24 years) was recruited in Los Angeles, CA using a venue-based, stratified probability sampling design. Based on criteria used by previous research with young adults, participants were assigned to one of four alcohol-use/non-use groups according to frequency and number of drinks per sitting in the last 30 days. Findings revealed a high prevalence of alcohol use (91%) within the sample, with 21% reporting binge drinking; of binge drinkers, 40% reported frequent binge drinking. Multinomial logistic regression analyses revealed that race/ ethnicity, gay bar attendance, depression, sensation seeking, peer risk behaviors, and age of alcohol initiation significantly differentiated between non-/light users from frequent and binge drinkers. Results also indicated unique psychosocial profiles among frequent/binge drinkers. The heterogeneity of predictors associated with different patterns of alcohol use highlight the need to consider unique risk profiles and alcohol-use trajectories according to exposure to different risk and protective factors.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk factors for alcohol use, frequent use, and binge drinking among young men who have sex with men

Wong

Kipke

Weiss

2008

Addictive Behaviors

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“…This relationship may be reciprocal, as studies have found that smoking also influences the presentation and intensity of psychiatric symptoms [7,11,23,24,32–41]. There are several theories that address reasons why depressed or anxious youth may be predisposed to smoking, including a common genetic etiology, [42–44] a self-medication theory that suggests that smokers use cigarettes as a self-medication to improve mood, cognitive functioning or as stress relief [45–47], as a consequence of low self-esteem [48,49], due to the influence of peer smoking, [50–53] and a recent finding that expectations of smoking reward may promote smoking initiation among depressed adolescents [54]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cigarette smoking and mood disorders in U.S. adolescents: Sex-specific associations with symptoms, diagnoses, impairment and health services use

Richardson

Curry

et al. 2012

Journal of Psychosomatic Research

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Objective To report sex-specific associations between cigarette smoking and DSM-IV disorders, symptoms, and mental health services use related to depression and anxiety in a nationally representative sample of U.S. adolescents. Methods Data on two samples were drawn from the 1999–2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys to examine the association of ever smoking (versus never smoking) with depression (n=1884 12–15 year-olds) and anxiety (n=6336 12–19 year-olds). Sex-specific associations between smoking and DSM-IV diagnoses, subthreshold and severe disorder, symptoms, impairment and mental health services use were assessed using logistic regression modeling. Results Rates of DSM-IV depression and anxiety were increased in adolescent female ever smokers as compared to never smokers (OR=3.9, 95% CI: 1.3–11.3 and OR=10.6, 95% CI: 3.1–37.0, respectively). Females also showed statistically significant increases in severe disorder, subthreshold disorder, all symptoms of major depressive disorder, most symptoms of panic disorder, and increases in severe impairment, especially those related to schoolwork and teachers. Male adolescents showed smaller variations in depression and anxiety by smoking status, but were more likely to seek mental health services. Conclusions Smoking prevention efforts may benefit from specifically targeting female youth who show signs of depression or anxiety diagnoses through a school-based program, while greater benefits with males may be evident through programs integrated into mental health services.

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“…Indeed, compared with adolescents with fewer symptoms of depression, adolescents with more symptoms are more likely to believe that smoking cigarettes and drinking alcohol are common among their peers [9,10]. They also perceive that more of their friends smoke [11] and approve of smoking [12]. In addition, adolescents with more internalizing symptoms have more friends who smoke, drink, and use marijuana [8].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk Factors for Substance Misuse and Adolescents' Symptoms of Depression

Siennick

Widdowson

Woessner

et al. 2017

Journal of Adolescent Health

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Purpose Depressive symptoms during adolescence are positively associated with peer-related beliefs, perceptions, and experiences that are known risk factors for substance misuse. These same risk factors are targeted by many universal substance misuse prevention programs. This study examined whether a multicomponent universal substance misuse intervention for middle schoolers reduced the associations between depressive symptoms, these risk factors, and substance misuse. Methods The study used data from a place-randomized trial of the PROSPER (PROmoting School-Community-University Partnerships to Enhance Resilience) model for delivery of evidence-based substance misuse programs for middle schoolers. Three-level within-person regression models were applied to four waves of survey and social network data from 636 adolescents followed from 6th through 9th grades. Results When adolescents in control school districts had more symptoms of depression, they believed more strongly that substance use had social benefits, perceived higher levels of substance misuse among their peers and friends, and had more friends who misused substances, although they were not more likely to use substances themselves. Many of the positive associations of depressive symptoms with peer-related risk factors were significantly weaker or not present among adolescents in intervention school districts. Conclusions The PROSPER interventions reduced the positive associations of adolescent symptoms of depression with peer-related risk factors for substance misuse.

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Exploring Peers as a Mediator of the Association Between Depression and Smoking in Young Adolescents

Cited by 28 publications

References 38 publications

Risk factors for alcohol use, frequent use, and binge drinking among young men who have sex with men

Risk factors for alcohol use, frequent use, and binge drinking among young men who have sex with men

Cigarette smoking and mood disorders in U.S. adolescents: Sex-specific associations with symptoms, diagnoses, impairment and health services use

Risk Factors for Substance Misuse and Adolescents' Symptoms of Depression

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