Exploring optimal irrigation and nitrogen fertilization in a winter wheat-summer maize rotation system for improving crop yield and reducing water and nitrogen leaching

Xu, Jianchu; Cai, Huanjie; Wang, Xiaoyun; Ma, Chenguang; Lu, Yajun; Ding, Yibo; Wang, Xiaowen; Chen, Hui; Wang, Yunfei; Saddique, Qaisar

doi:10.1016/j.agwat.2019.105904

Cited by 81 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…However, it is sometimes difficult to successfully use various proximal and remote sensors, including fluorescence sensors, because spectral data may vary due to different factors, such as soil conditions, crop growth stages, and leaf positions [7,9,21,[29][30][31][32]. The variations of different soils in terms of quality, water, nutrition, and temperature often affect crop growth and lead to changes in crop properties [33][34][35][36]. Stress events resulting from environmental situations may eventually change the content of some compounds like leaf pigments [37][38][39].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating Plant Nitrogen Concentration of Maize Using a Leaf Fluorescence Sensor across Growth Stages

et al. 2020

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Nitrogen (N) is one of the most essential nutrients that can significantly affect crop grain yield and quality. The implementation of proximal and remote sensing technologies in precision agriculture has provided new opportunities for non-destructive and real-time diagnosis of crop N status and precision N management. Notably, leaf fluorescence sensors have shown high potential in the accurate estimation of plant N status. However, most studies using leaf fluorescence sensors have mainly focused on the estimation of leaf N concentration (LNC) rather than plant N concentration (PNC). The objectives of this study were to (1) determine the relationship of maize (Zea mays L.) LNC and PNC, (2) evaluate the main factors influencing the variations of leaf fluorescence sensor parameters, and (3) establish a general model to estimate PNC directly across growth stages. A leaf fluorescence sensor, Dualex 4, was used to test maize leaves with three different positions across four growth stages in two fields with different soil types, planting densities, and N application rates in Northeast China in 2016 and 2017. The results indicated that the total leaf N concentration (TLNC) and PNC had a strong correlation (R2 = 0.91 to 0.98) with the single leaf N concentration (SLNC). The TLNC and PNC were affected by maize growth stage and N application rate but not the soil type. When used in combination with the days after sowing (DAS) parameter, modified Dualex 4 indices showed strong relationships with TLNC and PNC across growth stages. Both modified chlorophyll concentration (mChl) and modified N balance index (mNBI) were reliable predictors of PNC. Good results could be achieved by using information obtained only from the newly fully expanded leaves before the tasseling stage (VT) and the leaves above panicle at the VT stage to estimate PNC. It is concluded that when used together with DAS, the leaf fluorescence sensor (Dualex 4) can be used to reliably estimate maize PNC across growth stages.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating Plant Nitrogen Concentration of Maize Using a Leaf Fluorescence Sensor across Growth Stages

et al. 2020

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“…Rational irrigation and fertilization can effectively promote plant growth and yield, but excessive irrigation and fertilization reduce the water and fertilizer use efficiency [29,30], even causing environment pollution [21,22]. The difference of irrigation methods impacts the distribution of soil moisture [31,32].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As we know, nitrogen is an important nutrient element and an important index of soil fertility [17,18]. Optimizing fertilization management can improve soil fertility and promote plant growth and yield [19], and reduce the risk of environment pollution [20], such as reducing excess greenhouse gas emissions and groundwater pollution due to fertilizer leaching [21,22]. Therefore, finding effective nitrogen management that matches irrigation patterns is essential for reducing water and nitrogen losses, improving soil fertility, and improving agricultural sustainability [23,24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Fertilization Management under WSPI on Soil Nitrogen Distribution and Nitrogen Absorption in Apple Orchard in Loess Plateau

Cheng¹,

Ma²,

Ruo-en³

et al. 2020

Agronomy

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Water storage pit irrigation (WSPI) has been proven effective in improving the water use efficiency of fruit trees in Loess Plateau, but so far there are still no matching efficient fertilization management methods. A two-year experiment was conducted to explore the management strategy of fertilization under the consideration of apple production and environmental sustainability. N isotope tracer technique was used to study the distribution of labelled nitrogen in soil, leaf, root and fruit. Moreover, the yield in different fertilizer managements were observed to evaluate the apple production. The results showed that increasing the amount of fertilizer could increase the accumulation of fertilizer nitrogen in soil, but also increased the risk of nitrogen leaching. Under the same amount of fertilizer, split fertilization can effectively increase of fertilizer nitrogen in soil by a mean of 4.7 times. Further, N300 application with split fertilization effectively increased apple yield. The yield of N300II treatment was higher than other treatment by maximum 68.5%. In addition, the root system mainly absorbed the fertilizer nitrogen applied in the current year, and the fruit mainly absorbed the fertilizer nitrogen applied in the previous year, but there was no significant difference in the leaves.

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“…In general, the human needs for food security and environmental protection are in con ict with the use of chemical fertilizers (Xu et al 2020). However, during the last half century, the yield of crops has increased signi cantly because of the use of chemical fertilizers, especially N fertilizers (Peng et al 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On a large scale, the lack of access to N added to soil creates many environmental problems, such as nitrate leaching, ammonium sublimation, runoff and erosion, loss of soil biodiversity and global N 2 O emissions (Galloway et al 2013;Coskun et al 2017). Along with the problem of water scarcity, the world's agriculture is also facing the challenge of nitrate leaching (Li et al 2016;Wang et al 2017;Xu et al 2020). Optimizing the use of N fertilizers, in addition to creating economic stability in cropping systems and the stabilization of crop production, will reduce harm to the environment (Tabak et al 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Sources and Application Times of Nitrogen Fertilizer on Wheat Yield and Nitrate Leaching in Different Soil Textures

Sharafi¹

2021

Preprint

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Aims Nitrogen fertilizers have destructive impacts on the environment through nitrate leaching. Methods To evaluate the effects of sources and application times of nitrogen fertilizer on wheat yield and nitrate leaching in different soil textures, an experiment was conducted using the factorial arrangement of randomized complete block design (RCBD). The treatments were two sources of nitrogen fertilizer including ammonium nitrate (AN) and urea (NN), applied three different times during the year with a control treatment: total application before sowing (T1), total application in spring (T2) and application of half the amount before sowing and half the amount in spring (T3) in different soil textures (sandy loam, silty clay loam and silty clay) with three replications during three growing seasons 2015-16 (Y1), 2016-17 (Y2) and 2017-18 (Y3). Results The results indicate that the effects of different soil textures in increasing grain yield differed significantly. The soil texture of silty clay loam compared to other soil textures (sandy loam and silty clay) differed in grain yield. Interaction effects of N sources and application times were significant at the 1 percent level for the three different soil textures. The results also showed that in the soil textures of sandy loam and silty clay at T3, compared to silty clay loam, grain yield increased. Silty clay loam with T2 increased grain yield compared to other soil textures, with a yield of 6863.6 kg ha-1. The effect of nitrogen fertilizer at different application times was significant in increasing the protein content in the silty clay and sandy loam. The protein percentage in the silty clay was 10.76 at T2 and was 10.93 at T2 in the sandy loam. In addition, AN compared to NN had a greater effect on the percentage of grain protein.Conclusion Nitrogen fertilizer application times affect grain yield and protein content in different locations. Moreover, AN increases protein content compared to NN. Maximum soil nitrate concentration was obtained at 80-100 cm depth in both fertilizer treatments and in sandy loam soil, and nitrate concentration increased during the experiment.

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Exploring optimal irrigation and nitrogen fertilization in a winter wheat-summer maize rotation system for improving crop yield and reducing water and nitrogen leaching

Cited by 81 publications

References 56 publications

Estimating Plant Nitrogen Concentration of Maize Using a Leaf Fluorescence Sensor across Growth Stages

Estimating Plant Nitrogen Concentration of Maize Using a Leaf Fluorescence Sensor across Growth Stages

Effects of Fertilization Management under WSPI on Soil Nitrogen Distribution and Nitrogen Absorption in Apple Orchard in Loess Plateau

Effect of Sources and Application Times of Nitrogen Fertilizer on Wheat Yield and Nitrate Leaching in Different Soil Textures

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