Exploring Offence Statistics in Stockholm City Using Spatial Analysis Tools

Abstract

Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen:Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden.Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen.Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. ABSTRACT The objective of this paper is to investigate changes since the early 1980's in offence patterns for residential burglary, theft of and from cars, and vandalism in Stockholm City using methods from spatial statistics. The findings of previous Swedish studies on crime patterns and the insights provided by different theories notably one propounded by Wikström(1991) provide a background for this study and are briefly reviewed. The analytical elements of the paper are in two main parts. The first is a brief description of methodological procedures to obtain robust estimates of small area standardised offence ratios. Attention is paid to both the spatial framework as well as the method of calculating rates. Standardised offence ratios (SORs), are calculated and mapped using GIS and the Getis-Ord statistic is used to identify areas of raised incidence. The variation in a relative risk is modelled as a function of socio-economic variables using the linear regression model whilst recognising the complications raised by the spatial nature of the data. Results suggest that whilst there have been no dramatic changes in the geographies of these offences in Stockholm City during the last decade, there have been some shifts both in terms of geographical patterns and in their association with underlying socio-economic conditions. Terms of use: Documents in

Perception of urban safety: the case of Lublin, Poland

“…As in other large cities, crimes against property are evidently dominant over those against life and health (compare Jabkowski 2008). According to Ceccato (2002) and Bogacka (2011), the greatest density of crimes occurs in the city centre, followed by the most densely populated areas, particularly those with unfavourable social phenomena. The correlation between the number of crimes and the type of building development, as emphasised by Szymańska and Pappelbon (2001), Wendt (2001) and Bajerski (2006), was also confirmed.…”

“…In their research, Ceccato et al (2002) discovered that the highest concentration of crime occurs in city centres. This concerns the administrative centre, but also areas of entertainment where the life of young people is particularly concentrated.…”

“…This concerns the administrative centre, but also areas of entertainment where the life of young people is particularly concentrated. According to Ceccato et al (2002), crime is also related to other parts of the city where social problems occur. Another example of spatial analysis is the paper by Ackerman & Murray (2004) presenting an analysis at three scales for one city -at the macro scale (identification of problem areas), at the meso scale (quality analysis), and at the micro scale (determination of the correlation of crime with social structure).…”

Exploring Scale Effect Using Geographically Weighted Regression on Mass Dataset of Urban Robbery

“…According to socioeconomic findings of many ecology studies since 1960s, crimes are highly correlated with poverty (Gorr & Olligschlaeger, 1994;Olligschlaeger, 1997;Cahill & Mulligan, 2003;Ceccato et al, 2002;Gruenewald et al, 2006), unemployment (Schmid, 1960;Ackerman, 1998;Ceccato et al, 2002;Gruenewald et al, 2006), lower income (Schmid, 1960;Ackerman, 1998), education levels (Schmid, 1960;Ackerman, 1998;Cahill & Mulligan, 2003;Cozens, 2002;Gruenewald et al, 2006), being a renter (Ackerman, 1998), population density (Ackerman, 1998;Cahill & Mulligan, 2003;Ceccato et al, 2002;Cozens, 2002;Malczewski & Poetz, 2005), migration (Ackerman, 1998;Ceccato et al, 2002), minority (Ackerman, 1998;Gruenewald et al, 2006), marital status (Ackerman, 1998), number of children (Ackerman, 1998;Olligschlaeger, 1997;Gruenewald et al, 2006), youth (Olligschlaeger, 1997;Gruenewald et al, 2006), family structure (Cahill & Mulligan, 2003;Ceccato et al, 2002;Malczewski & Poetz, 2005), ethnicity (Ergün & Yirmibeşoğlu, 2005;Gruenewald et al, 2006) and commercial land uses (Olligschlaeger, 1997;Cozens, 2002;…”

“…Some geographical findings reveal that crimes are considerably correlated with distance from city center (Ceccato et al, 2002;Ergün & Yirmibeşoğlu, 2005), accessibility (Ceccato et al, 2002;Ergün & Yirmibeşoğlu, 2005), design of a housing (Newman, 1972;Ceccato et al, 2002;Cozens, 2002), number of public transportation (Murray et al, 2001;Ayhan, 2007), building environments (Newman, 1972;Ayhan, 2007).…”