Exploring multidimensional operationalizations of precarious employment in Swedish register data – a typological approach and a summative score approach

Abstract

This paper presents items of precarious employment (PE) operationalised as a summative scale and an employment typology using register-based labour market data. Three PE types, as well as a wide range of summative scale scores indicating precariousness, were found. Sociodemographic characteristics often found overrepresented in PE were confirmed, and new perspectives on some of these are given.

Low-quality employment trajectories and risk of common mental disorders, substance use disorders and suicide attempt: a longitudinal study of the Swedish workforce

“…In this process, for analytical feasibility, employment states were merged according to their perceived employment quality: (i) low (PER, SSE, UE), (ii) high (SER, SER/ HI, BO) and (iii) HMJH, which could not be determined to be either high or low quality in this study and hence kept separate. Similar interpretation of the quality of the employment types has been made in a previous study (16). Once the 21 trajectories were created, trajectories of low quality were identified as based on (i) the quality of employment states included in the trajectory, ie, the presence of low-quality employment states, and (ii) the pattern of the trajectory, ie, the direction could not entail an improvement in conditions across the trajectory (upwards mobility).…”

“…This is a longitudinal register-study based on the Swedish Work, Illness, and Labour-market Participation (SWIP) cohort ( 16 ). The SWIP cohort is the result of linkage of multiple registers and includes all registered individuals in Sweden, aged 16–65 years (approximately 5.4 million individuals), in 2005 and followed until 2017.…”

“…In order to extract a class-solution (employment typology) applicable to the entire period of 2005–2009, the Swedish Register-based Operationalization of Precarious Employment (SWE-ROPE) ( 16 ) was implemented for each year and thereafter a number of repeated measures latent class analyses (RMLCA) were performed. Briefly, SWE-ROPE includes the following dimensions and items: (i) employment insecurity, including contractual relationship insecurity (employment contract with employer or other party), contractual temporariness (stable or unstable employment), and multiple jobs and/or in multiple sectors, (ii) income inadequacy, including yearly income level, and (iii) lack of rights and protection, including lack of unionization.…”

“…Data-driven approaches such as latent class analysis (LCA) allows for the creation of employment typologies, ie, explorations of how employment conditions such as income level, temporariness, etc, cluster based on similarity. In Sweden ( 16 ) and Europe ( 12 , 13 ), previous applications of LCA have resulted in numerous employment types with distinct features as well as indications of lower and higher quality. Applying LCA across time in an inclusive population (including salaried, self-employed, and unemployed individuals), not only as a total population but also separately for women and men, could serve as means to study more complex labor market trajectories and further our understanding of the effects of low-quality employment trajectories on mental health.…”

Under-reporting of non-fatal occupational injuries among precarious and non-precarious workers in Sweden

“…We adapted the Jonsson et al PE score that was based on a total of five items within three dimensions: employment insecurity, income inadequacy and lack of rights and protection. 26 For the purpose of this study, only employment insecurity and income inadequacy were included in the PE score. Lack of rights and protection could not be included directly given the unavailability of the data.…”