Exploring Imagery as a Technique for Promoting Physical Activity in Older Adults

Kosteli, Maria-Christina; Williams, Sarah E.; Cumming, Jennifer

doi:10.1177/0276236618767083

Cited by 6 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 39 publications

(53 reference statements)

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“…Interventions that enhance individuals' enjoyment would thus be predicted to increase their long-term participation in PA. Such interventions might include mastery goal setting designed to increase enjoyment in a stepwise fashion (Benita, Roth, & Deci, 2014;Puente-Diaz, 2012), imagery of enjoying participation in PA (Kosteli, Williams, & Cumming, 2018;Stanley & Cumming, 2010), or positive self-talk reinforcing enjoyment (Hardy, Hall, & Hardy, 2010). In studies examining the relationship between participation motives and other variables, such as self-efficacy (Yoo et al, 2018) and passion (Habib et al, submitted), mastery has been a prominent motive.…”

Section: Motivational Profilingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical activity for health and wellbeing: the role of motives for participation

Morris¹,

Roychowdhury²

2020

Health Psychology Report

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Health professionals have increasing concern about physical health and wellbeing, as life globally becomes more demanding and stressful, yet people are less active, due to mechanization and automation of work and leisure. Increasing the amount of physical activity (PA) people do is now recognized as a global health priority, but PA continues to decline in many countries. Research on motives for participating in PA shows they have a role in PA promotion. We review theory and research on motives for participation in PA. Then, we describe development and validation of the Physical Activity and Leisure Motivation Scale (PALMS), a 40-item measure that includes eight motives. We report on the international validation of PALMS, showing its robustness to varia-tions in language and culture. We describe the development of a youth version, PALMS-Y, and a broader ver-sion that adds motives related to extreme sports. Next, we discuss PALMS research that has examined differ-ences in primary motives based on gender, age, and type of PA, as well as factorial structure invariance. We then consider studies investigating the influence of psychological variables on the relationship between mo-tives for participation in PA and the amount of PA individuals undertake, including self-efficacy, mindfulness, and passion. To aid in the consistent presentation of PA participation motives, we describe a form of motiva-tional profiling for use in research and practice. Finally, we propose ways that motives for participation in PA can be used in interventions to increase PA participation, by matching individuals’ primary motives to the type of PA associated with those motives in large PA samples, or using techniques, such as imagery, to enhance key motives. This should achieve the aim of enhancing health and psychological wellbeing around the world.

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Section: Motivational Profilingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical activity for health and wellbeing: the role of motives for participation

Morris¹,

Roychowdhury²

2020

Health Psychology Report

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“…Self-regulatory imagery was further introduced as a potential type of imagery that could act as a form of mastery experiences (Duncan et al, 2012) and as a result boost older adults' confidence in their ability to self-regulate their behavior and engage in PA. Furthermore, previous qualitative research supports that older adults use self-regulatory imagery in an exercise setting to plan their exercise moves ahead of time and achieve their exercise goals (Kosteli et al, 2017). Based on SCT and past research (Ayotte et al, 2010;Cumming, 2008), it was hypothesized that a particular form of self-regulatory imagery would be directly related to all the socialcognitive variables in the model and would positively predict PA through its association with self-efficacy, outcome expectations, barriers, self-regulatory behavior, and enjoyment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…For instance, Stanley and Cumming (2010) demonstrated that enjoyment imagery can significantly improve exercise enjoyment. Similarly, in a study with older adults, it was suggested that scenery imagery (imaging the ideal setting to exercise) can provide a positive psychological effect and make PA engagement more pleasurable (Kosteli et al, 2017). Future research should focus on using more relevant and personally meaningful imagery types to promote enjoyment in middle-aged and older adults (e.g., enjoyment imagery, scenery imagery).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…However, qualitative research suggests that older adults can also benefit from using other types of imagery to help them engage in PA (Kosteli, Williams, & Cumming, 2017). For instance, older adults frequently used images of achieving the goals they set (e.g., imaging exercising to lose weight and achieving the goal of losing weight) to motivate themselves to exercise.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Self-Regulatory Imagery and Physical Activity in Middle-Aged and Older Adults: A Social-Cognitive Perspective

Kosteli¹,

Cumming²,

Williams³

2018

Journal of Aging and Physical Activity

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Limited research has investigated exercise imagery use in middle-aged and older adults and its relationship with affective and behavioral correlates. The study examined the association between self-regulatory imagery and physical activity (PA) through key social cognitive variables. Middle-aged and older adults (N = 299; M age = 59.73 years, SD = 7.73, range = 50 to 80) completed self-report measures assessing self-regulatory imagery use, self-efficacy, outcome expectations, perceived barriers, self-regulatory behavior, enjoyment, and PA levels. Path analysis supported a model (χ² [14] = 21.76, p = .08, CFI = .99, TLI = .97, SRMR = .03, RMSEA = .04) whereby self-regulatory imagery positively predicted self-efficacy, outcome expectations, and self-regulatory behaviors. Furthermore, self-regulatory imagery indirectly predicted barriers, outcome expectations, self-regulation, enjoyment, and PA. This research highlights self-regulatory imagery as an effective strategy in modifying exercise-related cognitions and behaviors. Incorporating social cognitive constructs into the design of imagery interventions may increase PA engagement.

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“…As evidenced by several studies, the benefits of exercise imagery in the field of sports range from increasing or maintaining the levels of exercise and physical activity (Giacobbi, Hausenblas, Fallon, & Hall, 2003), to improving subjective vitality, physical self-esteem, self-confidence, and self-efficacy (Gammage et al, 2000;). Furthermore, recent studies have confirmed the benefits of exercise imagery for exercise beginners (Ajibua & Peculiar, 2016;Duncan, Hall, Wilson, & Rodgers, 2012;Kosteli, Williams, & Cumming, 2018). Exercise initiates may create exercises by means of images, and therefore a targeted imagery intervention is appropriate in this population (Duncan et al, 2012), as well as in elderly adults although their images would be somehow different (Kosteli et al, 2018).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the Exercise Imagery Questionnaire (EIQ)

Pérez-Fabello¹,

Campos²

2020

CPD

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En este studio se evaluaron las propiedades psicométricas de la versión en español del Cuestionario de Imágenes de Ejercicio (EIQ) en un grupo de 166 ( 127 hombres y 39 mujeres ) estudiantes de de primer año de grado en Ciencias de la Actividad Física y del Deporte (Medad = 20.57, SD = 2,24). Los participantes realizaban ejercicio al menos 4 veces por semana. Además administramos la version Española de cuatro cuestionarios de imagen mental: MIQ-R, VMIQ, VVIQ, Gordon Test. Llevamos a cabo dos análisis confirmatorios del EIQ, en primer lugar, un modelo con tres factores (imagen de técnica, energía y apariencia) similar al original, aunque no cumplía los valores recomendados para un buen ajuste. Sin embargo, el ajuste del segundo modelo con dos factores (imagen de técnica y energía) fue bueno (CFI = .97, NNFI = .94, RMSEA = .07, SRMR = .04), con resultados similares a la prueba original. La fiabilidad medida a través del alfa de Cronbach fue acceptable pero la fiabilidad compuesta fue más baja de lo recommendable. La validez convergente y discriminate resultó adecuada. Encontramos una correlación significativa entre el EIQ técnica y el Gordon Test. También se incluyó una tabla de baremación del grupo estudiantes of Physical Activity and Sports Sciences. Los resultados se discutieron, y se observó que la version Española del EIQ es una prueba válida y útil para explorar, especialmente, dos tipos de imagen: técnica y energía. In this study, the psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the Exercise Imagery Questionnaire (EIQ) were evaluated in a sample of 166 first-year undergraduates of a Bachelor’s degree in Physical Activity and Sports Sciences, 127 men, and 39 woman; Mage = 20.57, SD = 2.24. Participants exercised at least 4 times a week. Moreover, the Spanish versions of four mental imagery questionnaires were administered: MIQ-R , VMIQ, VVIQ, and Gordon Test. Two confirmatory factor analyses of the EIQ were performed. First, a three-factor model (technique, energy, and appearance imagery) the same as the original model, failed to obtain the recommended values for a good fit. However, the second model adjusted to two factors (technique and energy imagery) was good (CFI = .97, NNFI = .94, RMSEA = .07, SRMR = .04) with results similar to the original test. Reliability was acceptable as measured by the Cronbach’s alpha, but composite reliability was lower than recommended. However, convergent and discriminant validity was inadequate. There was a significant correlation between the EIQ and the Gordon Test. Furthermore, Tables have been included as an aid the elucidation of the results of the sample of undergraduates on the Bachelor’s degree in Physical Activity and Sports Sciences. The results are discussed, and substantiated the Spanish version of the EIQ was a valid and useful test for exploring two types of imagery in particular: technique and energy. Neste estudo avaliamos as propriedades psicométricas da versão em espanhol do Exercise Image Questionnaire (EIQ). Participaram 166 (127 homens e 39 mulheres) alunos do primeiro ano de uma licenciatura em Atividade Física e Ciências do Desporto (Midade = 20.57, SD = 2,24). Os participantes exercitaram-se pelo menos 4 vezes por semana. Além disso, administramos a versão em espanhol de quatro questionários de imagem mental: MIQ-R, VMIQ, VVIQ, Gordon Test. Foram realizadas duas análises confirmatórias do EIQ, primeiro um modelo com três fatores (imagem técnica, energia e aparência), exatamente como o original, embora não se atendesse aos valores recomendados para um bom ajuste. No entanto, o ajuste do segundo modelo com dois fatores (técnica e imagem energética) foi bom (CFI = .97, NNFI = .94, RMSEA = .07, SRMR = .04) com resultados semelhantes ao teste original. A confiabilidade medida através do alfa de Cronbach foi aceitável, mas a confiabilidade composta foi menor que o recomendado. A validade convergente e discriminada foi adequada. Houve uma correlação significativa entre o EIQtécnica e o teste de Gordon. Também foi incluída uma tabela de escala do grupo de estudantes de Atividade Física e Ciências do Desporto. Os resultados foram discutidos, e observou-se que o EIQ é um teste válido e útil para explorar, principalmente, dois tipos de imagem: técnica e energia.

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Exploring Imagery as a Technique for Promoting Physical Activity in Older Adults

Cited by 6 publications

References 39 publications

Physical activity for health and wellbeing: the role of motives for participation

Physical activity for health and wellbeing: the role of motives for participation

Self-Regulatory Imagery and Physical Activity in Middle-Aged and Older Adults: A Social-Cognitive Perspective

Psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the Exercise Imagery Questionnaire (EIQ)

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