Exploring Hostile Sexism and Social Phobia in Ideological and Political Education: Detrimental Effects on Self-Esteem and Performance Anxiety

Abstract

This study has been conducted to assess the impact of hostile sexism on performance anxiety with the double mediation on self-esteem and social phobia. Because of its adverse effects on society, the social phobia has been found to play a crucial role in decreasing the motivation of women who experience hostile sexism. Apart from the workplaces, the educational sectors are significantly affected by hostile sexism in developing countries. To conduct this study quantitative survey-based approach has been used. The targeted population for this study is graduate students from Belgium universities. Three hundred fifty questionnaires were gained and later used for the data analysis. The results reported that the direct impact of hostile sexism on performance anxiety is significant. The mediation of social phobia and self-esteem is also effective as it is found after the analysis that the model is fit and accurate. The results of SEM indicated these variables significantly exerted influence on each other. This study contributes theoretically to the growing body of literature regarding the causes of performance anxiety causes and its effects or how performance anxiety can be affected. Many educational institutions are taking crucial steps to decrease hostile sexism by giving equivalent chances to both male and female students in educational settings. There are some shortcomings as in every research that the alternative or some other method can be used to assess future results fluctuations.