Exploring Graphene and MoS2 Chips Based Surface Plasmon Resonance Biosensors for Diagnostic Applications

Abstract

Until now, two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials have been widely studied and applied in the biosensor field. Some of the advantages offered by these 2D materials include large specific surface area, high conductivity, and easy surface modification. This review discusses the use of 2D material in surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensor for diagnostic applications. Two-dimensional material reviewed includes graphene and molybdenum disulfide (MoS 2 ). The discussion begins with a brief introduction to the general principles of the SPR biosensor. The discussion continues by explaining the properties and characteristics of each material and its effect on the performance of the SPR biosensor, in particular its sensitivity. This review concludes with some recent applications of graphene- and MoS 2 -based SPR biosensor in diagnostic applications.

Highly sensitive and selective surface plasmon resonance biosensor for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 spike S1 protein

“…[19][20][21][22][23] Among them, two-dimensional (2D) materials have become a hot spot in the biosensing field due to their unique dimensional characteristics. [24][25][26][27][28] 2D nanomaterials provide a large specific surface area for loading foreign molecules, and the interaction between 2D nanomaterials and the foreign molecules causes changes in electrical response. These 2D nanomaterial-based sensing platforms exhibit fast response speeds, high sensitivity, and good selectivity.…”

Optical Anisotropy and Excitons in MoS2 Interfaces for Sensitive Surface Plasmon Resonance Biosensors

“…The study of sensitivity enhancement with vdW materials has become a hot topic in the last decade, since they are promising both as immobilization layers [ 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 ] and as optical sensitivity enhancing layers [ 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 ]. Furthermore, additional layers of graphene or other materials can protect the metal from the environment, thereby improving the stability of the sensor structure [ 29 ].…”

Application of Electric Bias to Enhance the Sensitivity of Graphene-Based Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensors

“…Among these materials, graphene (Gr) due to its carbon composition has proven to be a more preferable material due to its affinity and absorptive nature to hydrocarbons. This not only helped in the binding process of biomolecules under testing but also helped improve the sensitivity compared to the conventional system [7,8]. Gold-graphene SPR biosensors have been shown to stably adsorb biomolecules with carbon-based ring structures, causing an increase in sensitivity to changes in refractive index of the biomolecules, leading to increased detection and identification [9,10].…”