Exploring exercise as an avenue for the treatment of anxiety disorders

DeBoer, Lindsey B.; Powers, Mark B.; Utschig, Angela C.; Otto, Michael W.; Smits, Jasper A.J.

doi:10.1586/ern.12.73

Cited by 105 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 154 publications

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“…Specifically, though the antidepressant effects of exercise are not clearly understood, increased self-efficacy is proposed to be a mediator between exercise and decreased depressive symptoms (Craft & Perna, 2004; DeBoer et al, 2012). Increased self-efficacy is theorized to be a mechanism for reducing depression because it effectively increases positive behaviors (Bandura, 1997; Zeiss, Lewinsohn & Muñoz, 1979).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Examining the moderating effect of depressive symptoms on the relation between exercise and self-efficacy during the initiation of regular exercise.

et al. 2015

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Objective People with depressive symptoms typically report lower levels of exercise self-efficacy and are more likely to discontinue regular exercise than others, but it is unclear how depressive symptoms affect people’s exercise self-efficacy. Among potential sources of self-efficacy, engaging in the relevant behavior is the strongest (Bandura, 1997). Thus, we sought to clarify how depressive symptoms affect the same-day relation between engaging in exercise and self-efficacy during the initiation of regular exercise. Methods Participants (N=116) were physically inactive adults (35% reported clinically significant depressive symptoms at baseline) who initiated regular exercise and completed daily assessments of exercise minutes and self-efficacy for four weeks. We tested whether (a) self-efficacy differed on days when exercise did and did not occur, and (b) the difference was moderated by depressive symptoms. Mixed linear models were used to examine these relations. Results An interaction between exercise occurrence and depressive symptoms (p<.001) indicated that self-efficacy was lower on days when no exercise occurred, but this difference was significantly larger for people with high depressive symptoms. People with high depressive symptoms had lower self-efficacy than those with low depressive symptoms on days when no exercise occurred (p=.03), but self-efficacy did not differ on days when exercise occurred (p=.34). Conclusions During the critical period of initiating regular exercise, daily self-efficacy for people with high depressive symptoms is more sensitive to whether they exercised than for people with low depressive symptoms. This may partially explain why people with depression tend to have difficulty maintaining regular exercise.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Examining the moderating effect of depressive symptoms on the relation between exercise and self-efficacy during the initiation of regular exercise.

et al. 2015

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“…Studies with other rodent models indicate that both EE and voluntary exercise can reduce depressive and anxiety behaviors (27,30–33). Indeed, exercise also has been shown to have both antidepressant and anxiolytic properties in humans (49–51). In the operational measures employed here, physical exercise may serve a similar function as EE in the context of depressive behaviors following social isolation, but does not appear to be as effective as EE at remediating anxiety-relevant behaviors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Environmental Enrichment on Depressive and Anxiety-Relevant Behaviors in Socially Isolated Prairie Voles

Grippo

Ihm

Wardwell

et al. 2014

Psychosomatic Medicine

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Objectives Social isolation is associated with depression, anxiety and negative health outcomes. Environmental enrichment, including environmental and cognitive stimulation with inanimate objects and opportunities for physical exercise, may be an effective strategy to include in treatment paradigms for affective disorders as a function of social isolation. In a rodent model – the socially monogamous prairie vole – we investigated the hypothesis that depression- and anxiety-related behaviors following social isolation would be prevented and remediated with environmental enrichment. Methods Experiment 1 investigated the preventive effects of environmental enrichment on negative affective behaviors when administered concurrently with social isolation. Experiment 2 investigated the remediating effects of enrichment on negative affective behaviors when administered following a period of isolation. Behaviors were measured in 3 operational tests: open field; forced swim test; and elevated plus maze. Results In isolated prairie voles, enrichment prevented depression- (immobility in FST, group × housing interaction, P=0.049) and anxiety-relevant behaviors (exploration in open field, group × housing interaction, P=0.036; exploration in elevated plus maze, group × housing interaction, P=0.049). Delayed enrichment also remediated these behaviors in isolated animals (immobility in forced swim test, main effect of housing, P=0.001; exploration in open field, main effect of housing, P=0.047; exploration in elevated plus maze, main effect of housing, P=0.001), and was slightly more effective than physical exercise alone in remediating anxiety-relevant behaviors. Conclusions These findings provide insight into the beneficial effects of an enriched environment on depression- and anxiety-relevant behaviors using a translational rodent model of social isolation.

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“…Consideration of anxiety disorder treatment is imperative in HF due to high prevalence of these disorders [25], and the fact that HF symptoms and dyspnea is exacerbated by anxiety [26][27][28]. To date, it is unknown whether CBT, exercise, and psychotropic management is effective for anxiety disorders in HF [29] as has been established in non-CVD populations [30,31].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A dynamic view of comorbid depression and generalized anxiety disorder symptom change in chronic heart failure: the discrete effects of cognitive behavioral therapy, exercise, and psychotropic medication

Tully

Selkow

Bengel

et al. 2014

Disability and Rehabilitation

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The findings support the use of multifaceted interventions in the rehabilitation of HF patients with comorbid psychiatric needs. Implications for Rehabilitation Comorbid depression and anxiety disorders are a clinical and research focus that deserves more attention in the treatment of heart failure patients. Cognitive behavioral therapy, exercise, and anxiolytic use was associated with significant changes in depression and anxiety though discrete effects were evident. Multifaceted interventions are most likely to be successful in the rehabilitation of HF patients with psychiatric needs.

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Exploring exercise as an avenue for the treatment of anxiety disorders

Cited by 105 publications

References 154 publications

Examining the moderating effect of depressive symptoms on the relation between exercise and self-efficacy during the initiation of regular exercise.

Examining the moderating effect of depressive symptoms on the relation between exercise and self-efficacy during the initiation of regular exercise.

The Effects of Environmental Enrichment on Depressive and Anxiety-Relevant Behaviors in Socially Isolated Prairie Voles

A dynamic view of comorbid depression and generalized anxiety disorder symptom change in chronic heart failure: the discrete effects of cognitive behavioral therapy, exercise, and psychotropic medication

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