Exploring Effective Alternatives to Beta-Lactam Antibiotics for Surgical Prophylaxis: A Comprehensive Investigation

Abstract

Introduction: The significance of administering preventive antibiotics before a surgical procedure is firmly established,moreover the aim of antibiotic prophylaxis is to limit surgical site infections in surgical patients, based essentially on the use of betalactamines, Individuals with a beta-lactam allergy may experience adverse reactions to antibiotics within this class, such as penicillins and cephalosporins, it leeds to life-threatening symptoms that require immediate medical attention, the aim of our study is to evaluate the surgical antibiotic prophylaxis practices by our staff Material and methods: we carried out a survey using a questionnaire aimed at anesthesia-intensive care staff working in different operating rooms of different types of surgeries. to assess antibiotic prophylaxis practices in the case of allergy to betalactam antibiotics (essentially the alternative antibiotic molecules used). The study lasted 3 months and involved 40 anesthesia-intensive care staff. Once the data had been collected from the questionnaires, they were processed using Excel, then presented in the form of tables and figures, reflecting the results obtained in relation to the aim of the study. Results: the results of antibiotic prophylaxis showed that the use of betalactam antibiotics represented 96% of practices and that the antibiotic molecule chosen as an alternative in case of betalactam allergy was compliant in 84.44% of practices in relation to SFAR 2018 recommendations. Conclusion: Antibiotic prophylaxis practices for patients allergic to betalactamines require major caution in order to limit surgical site infections and reduce hospitalization costs.