Exploring Drivers of Infant Deaths in Rural Rwanda Through Verbal Social Autopsy

Navale, Shalini; Habumugisha, Lameck; Amoroso, Cheryl; Sayinzoga, Félix; Gupta, Neil; Hirschhorn, Lisa R.

doi:10.1016/j.aogh.2017.10.029

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Out of these three studies, only one had a comparison group21 and three 21,26&34 had high recall-period. Similarly, table 3 shows that only three studies 33,35&40 out 16, have their VA component consistent with WHO recommendations 13 , despite the fact the none of them had listed the cause of death according to the ICD-10 classification except the one 40 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…Similarly, table 3 shows that almost all of the studies except five 29,31,32,38&39 have incorporated separate sections for three different age groups in their VA tools. Only three studies 33,35&40 did follow ICD-10 classification for CoD certification and coding, however, none have mentioned that they followed the CoD list mapped according to ICD-10 except the one which used WHO's VA tool 40 . There is no marking criterion being set in the current review for selecting the best VA and SA study/ies that focused on three recommendations by WHO criteria and the number of social determinants mentioned in table 2 respectively.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Methodologies of Verbal autopsy and Social autopsy tools, adopted by VASA studies in exploring under-five mortality determinants

Siddiqui¹,

Ng²,

Low³

2018

Int. j. endorsing health sci. res.

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Background: Verbal Autopsy/Social Autopsy (VASA) tools should be based on a well-holistic conceptual framework, allowing them to record and organize a wide range of determinants and contributors of child mortality in developing countries. This paper aims to review how successfully VASA studies have been able to record and organize biological and social determinants of child mortality, in pursuit of World Health Organization's (WHO) guidelines for verbal autopsy (VA) and Kalter's recommendations for social autopsy (SA). Methodology: A systematic search of literature from January 1995 to January 2018 was conducted on primary studies which attempted VA and SA on deceased cases of under-5 child mortalities using VA and SA questionnaires. A thorough search revealed 16 directly relevant papers. Results: Sixteen relevant studies from 14 countries revealed the two most common conceptual frameworks which were utilized for VASA studies. VA component of three studies followed W.H.O.'s guidelines, while the SA component of the other three studies followed Kalter's recommendations. The most robust VA tools identified were INDEPTH Network VA tool, INCLEN VA tool, and WHO VA tool; while CHERG SA tool and BASICS SA tool were found as the most robust SA tools. Conclusion: Due to the fact that only separate recommendations for VA, and conceptual frameworks for SA exists and no evidence on integrated conceptual framework exists, we suggest that there is a great need for developing a conceptual framework, based on which an integrated VASA tool can be developed and utilized in VASA based child mortality investigations in developing countries.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 80%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methodologies of Verbal autopsy and Social autopsy tools, adopted by VASA studies in exploring under-five mortality determinants

Siddiqui¹,

Ng²,

Low³

2018

Int. j. endorsing health sci. res.

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“…Although VA has been used in nations with little resources, there is still a need to investigate a wider range of data on the societal factors that contribute to child mortality [3,6]. Hence, in a more recent timeframe, a concept of running through the missed mortality case with a VA and SA tool has been attempted in some countries (Cameroon [6,7], Mozambique [8], Niger [9][10][11], Uganda [12][13][14][15], Rwanda [16,17], Malawi [6], Nigeria [18], Guinea [19]) which helped to get detailed evidence of social causes of different medically assigned CoDs. However, these attempts made use of different VA and SA tools in combinations [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validation of CHERG’S Verbal Autopsy-Social Autopsy (VASA) tool for ascertaining determinants and causes of under-five child mortality in Pakistan

Siddiqui,

Ng,

Low

et al. 2023

PLoS ONE

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The majority (40%) of the world’s under-five mortality burden is concentrated in nations like Nigeria (16.5%), India (16%), Pakistan (8%), and the Democratic Republic of the Congo (6%), where an undetermined number of under-five deaths go unrecorded. In low-resource settings throughout the world, the Verbal Autopsy-Social Autopsy (VASA) technique may assist assess under-five mortality estimates, assigning medical and social causes of death, and identifying relevant determinants. Uncertainty regarding missing data in high-burden nations like Pakistan necessitates a valid and reliable VASA instrument. This is the first study to validate Child Health Epidemiology Reference Group-CHERG’s VASA tool globally. In Pakistan, data from such a valid and reliable tool is vital for policy. This paper reports on the VASA tool in Karachi, Pakistan. Validity and reliability of the CHERG VASA tool were tested using face, content, discriminant validation, and reliability tests on one hundred randomly selected mothers who had recently experienced an under-five child death event. Data were computed on SPSS (version-21) and R software. Testing revealed high Item-content Validity Index (I-CVI) (>81.43%); high Cronbach’s Alpha (0.843); the accuracy of between 75–100% of the discriminants classifying births to live and stillbirths; and I-CVI (>82.07% and 88.98% respectively) with high accuracy (92% and 97% respectively) for assigning biological and social causes of child deaths, respectively. The CHERG VASA questionnaire was found relevant to the conceptual framework and valid in Pakistan. This valid tool can assign accurate medical and non-medical causes of child mortality cases occurring in Pakistan.

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“…These barriers are common to low-and-middle income countries, 9 mainly in sub-Saharan Africa. 10,11 Although MISAU de ned policies to promote child health in primary care at Healthy and at Risk Children Services since 2011, 12 in the last decade, the low quality of maternal and child health (MCH) services in Mozambique, has hardly improved. 13 An assessment of quality and access to health care, in 195 countries in 2016, placed Mozambique in position 179.…”

Section: Plain English Summary Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Analysis of the Quality of New-Born Health Services in Nampula, Mozambique.

Pires¹,

Mupueleque²,

Mucufo³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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BackgroundNew-born morbidity and mortality are high in Africa, including Mozambique. One important factor to reduce this public health burden is ensuring the frequency and quality of new-born visits, with the availability of efficient, timely, patient centred care. To contribute to the reduction of new-born mortality rate in Nampula, the Lúrio University and the University of Saskatchewan, carried out an implementation research project which included training activities for health professionals in maternal and child health care. We planned a mid-project evaluation, to assess the impact of health professionals training on the quality of services at Marrere Health Centre.MethodsQuantitative study, applying two cross-sectional surveys about new-born visits service quality. The first surveys were conducted after two health professionals’ training sessions and the other after five more sessions. The samples of carers of infants up to 28 days of age in Marrere Health Centre, were calculated considering the average number of post-partum visits per month (47 in 2018, with a margin of error of 10% and a confidence interval of 90 %, 134 in 2019, with a margin of error of 5% and a confidence interval of 95%). The individual surveys used a five-point Likert scale and were entered into REDCap, and analysed to assess frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation. This research was approved by the bioethics committees at Lúrio University and at the University of Saskatchewan.Results188 child carers were surveyed at Marrere Health Centre, about new-born services quality. Most areas showed no improvement. Positive improvements were a 48% increase in health professionals encouraging mothers to share any difficulties during the patient encounter, a 31% increase in encouraging mothers to have a person of their choice to accompany them during labour, suggesting a traditional birth attendant (97%). Many shortcomings persisted in practices of introducing themselves, communication with patients, privacy, and confidentiality.ConclusionThe quality of care at Marrere Health Centre did not improve and health professionals are not practising according to the protocol. Reviewing health professionals learning approach, developing continuous capacity building, would be the next best steps to improve quality of new-born centred care.Trial registrationThis study was not registered in any data base.

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Exploring Drivers of Infant Deaths in Rural Rwanda Through Verbal Social Autopsy

Cited by 5 publications

References 12 publications

Methodologies of Verbal autopsy and Social autopsy tools, adopted by VASA studies in exploring under-five mortality determinants

Methodologies of Verbal autopsy and Social autopsy tools, adopted by VASA studies in exploring under-five mortality determinants

Validation of CHERG’S Verbal Autopsy-Social Autopsy (VASA) tool for ascertaining determinants and causes of under-five child mortality in Pakistan

An Analysis of the Quality of New-Born Health Services in Nampula, Mozambique.

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