Exploring dissolved organic carbon cycling at the stream–groundwater interface across a third-order, lowland stream network

Ruhala, Sydney S.; Zarnetske, Jay P.; Long, David T.; Lee-Cullin, Joseph; Plont, Stephen; Wiewiora, E.

doi:10.1007/s10533-017-0404-z

Cited by 12 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…The data sets used in this study were generated by Ruhala et al () in Augusta Creek (Fig. ), which is a low gradient, third‐order watershed draining 98 km 2 in southwest Michigan.…”

Section: Materials and Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ruhala et al () collected data that span the Local Sampling and Longitudinal Sampling schemes, and importantly, each sampling date represented roughly the same field sampling effort (~ 10 field work days for 4 researchers), the same sampling techniques and equipment, and a comparable total number of SW‐GW biogeochemical sample locations ( n ≈ 40). However, the team distributed these sampling points differently across the stream network, stratifying the sampling to capture most subwatersheds and all stream orders in the Augusta Creek watershed.…”

Section: Materials and Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…). The MINIPOINT pore‐water piezometers are relatively noninvasive and allow sampling of pore‐water profiles from six discrete depths in the SW‐GW interface (Duff et al ), set between 2.5 and 20 cm as detailed in the next section and Ruhala et al (). Thus, there were 18 SW‐GW samples collected at each of the 16 plots for a total of 288 unique SW‐GW biogeochemical sample locations from the Local Sampling approach.…”

Section: Materials and Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This spatial biogeochemical variability suggests that the role of study design, especially the spatial resolution of sampling, can introduce bias or confusion in our understanding of stream ecology. Furthermore, the biogeochemical variability in SW‐GW interfaces across stream networks is virtually unknown and almost never documented in the literature (but see Ruhala et al ). This is particularly true for assessing the structure and dynamics of the hyporheic zone (HZ), the ecotone where stream water readily interacts and exchanges properties with groundwater (Boulton et al ).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…To evaluate these objectives and hypotheses, we analyzed a spatially‐intensive sampling of SW‐GW biogeochemistry (as compared to other SW‐GW interface studies in the literature) in a stream network that spans the two study sampling schemes (Ruhala et al ). Specifically, we focus on the surface water and SW‐GW interface pore‐water concentrations of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in a lowland, third‐order, mixed land use watershed.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Toward measuring biogeochemistry within the stream‐groundwater interface at the network scale: An initial assessment of two spatial sampling strategies

Lee-Cullin

Zarnetske

Ruhala

et al. 2018

Limnology & Ocean Methods

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It is important to understand how point measurements across spatially heterogeneous ecosystems are scaled to represent these systems. Stream biogeochemistry presents an illustrative example because water quality concerns within stream networks and recipient water bodies motivate heterogeneous watershed studies. Measurements of the stream water-groundwater (SW-GW) interface (i.e., the shallow stream subsurface) are well-documented for point-scale sampling density measurements (i.e., cm 2 -m 2 features), but poorly characterized for network-scale sampling density measurements (i.e., km 2 ; stream reaches and networks). Sampling the SW-GW interface is more time and labor intensive than surface water sampling, meaning sample point selection must be made with care for network-scale analyses. In this study, we endeavor to determine which of two common spatial sampling schemes is appropriate for characterizing SW-GW interface biogeochemistry across a third-order stream network, focusing on dissolved organic carbon. The first scheme, called Local Sampling, focuses on characterizing small-scale (< 10 m 2 ) variability produced by the local physical and biogeochemical heterogeneity, with fewer points across the stream network. The second scheme, called Longitudinal Sampling, has approximately the same number of measurements distributed over many more points across the stream network with less local variability characterization. This comparison reveals that selection of a Local Sampling versus a Longitudinal Sampling scheme influences the biogeochemical pattern interpretation at the stream network scale. Additionally, this study found that increasing observation efforts at the local scale added limited information for reach-to network-scale biogeochemical patterns, suggesting that emphasis should be placed on characterizing variability across broader spatial scales with the Longitudinal Sampling approach.

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“…The data sets used in this study were generated by Ruhala et al () in Augusta Creek (Fig. ), which is a low gradient, third‐order watershed draining 98 km 2 in southwest Michigan.…”

Section: Materials and Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Materials and Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Materials and Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Toward measuring biogeochemistry within the stream‐groundwater interface at the network scale: An initial assessment of two spatial sampling strategies

Lee-Cullin

Zarnetske

Ruhala

et al. 2018

Limnology & Ocean Methods

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Acute Toxicity of Copper to Three Species of Pacific Salmon Fry in Water with Low Hardness and Low Dissolved Organic Carbon

Porter,

Morris,

Trifari

et al. 2023

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Proposed development of a mine within Alaska's Bristol Bay watershed has raised concerns about the potential impact of copper (Cu) on Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.). We conducted 96‐hour flow‐through bioassays using low‐hardness and low‐dissolved organic carbon water to determine the acute lethal toxicity of Cu to sockeye (O. nerka), Chinook (O. tshawytscha), and coho salmon (O. kisutch) fry. We aimed to determine Cu toxicity under field‐relevant water quality conditions and to assess three methods of calculating ambient Cu criteria: the USEPA‐endorsed biotic ligand model (BLM), a multiple linear regression model, and the hardness‐based model currently used by the State of Alaska. The criteria generated by all models were below 20% lethal Cu concentrations by factors ranging from 2.2 to 54.3, indicating that all criteria would be protective against mortality. The multiple linear regression‐based criteria were the most conservative and comparable to BLM‐based criteria. The median lethal concentrations (LC50s) for sockeye, Chinook, and coho, were 35.2, 23.9, and 6.3 µg Cu/L, respectively. We also used the BLM to predict LC50s for each species. Model‐predictions differed from empirical LC50s by factors of 0.7 for sockeye and Chinook salmon, and 1.1 for coho salmon. These differences fell within the acceptable range of ± 2, indicating the model's accuracy. We calculated critical lethal Cu accumulation values for each species to account for differing water chemistry in each bioassay, revealing that coho salmon were most sensitive to Cu, followed by sockeye, and Chinook salmon. Our findings underscore the importance of considering site‐ and species‐specific factors when modeling Cu toxicity. The empirical data presented in this study may enhance Cu risk assessments for Pacific salmon.

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Influencing factors and mechanism by which DOM in groundwater releases Fe from sediment

et al. 2022

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Exploring dissolved organic carbon cycling at the stream–groundwater interface across a third-order, lowland stream network

Cited by 12 publications

References 49 publications

Toward measuring biogeochemistry within the stream‐groundwater interface at the network scale: An initial assessment of two spatial sampling strategies

Toward measuring biogeochemistry within the stream‐groundwater interface at the network scale: An initial assessment of two spatial sampling strategies

Acute Toxicity of Copper to Three Species of Pacific Salmon Fry in Water with Low Hardness and Low Dissolved Organic Carbon

Influencing factors and mechanism by which DOM in groundwater releases Fe from sediment

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