Exploring dilution potential for full load operation of medium duty hydrogen engine for the transport sector

Novella, Ricardo; García, Antonio; Gómez-Soriano, Josep; Fogué-Robles, Álvaro

doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2023.121635

Cited by 7 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 21 publications

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“…Even low concentrations of H 2 used as an additional fuel can bring significant benefits for gasoline- [17,18] or biogasbased engines [19]. In addition to the benefits of ultra-lean operation [20] (well known for ensuring low NO x emissions [21]), EGR can improve combustion characteristics [22]; it also allows for the application of three-way catalytic converters, which is less complex than the after-treatment solutions required for lean fueling [23]. It has further beneficial effects with respect to margins for controlling abnormal combustion [24][25][26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conversion of a Small-Size Passenger Car to Hydrogen Fueling: 0D/1D Simulation of EGR and Related Flow Limitations

Irimescu,

Vaglieco,

Merola

et al. 2024

Applied Sciences

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Hydrogen is seen as a prime choice for complete replacement of gasoline so as to achieve zero-emissions energy and mobility. Combining the use of this alternative fuel with a circular economy approach for giving new life to the existing fleet of passenger cars ensures further benefits in terms of cost competitiveness. Transforming spark ignition (SI) engines to H2 power requires relatively minor changes and limited added components. Within this framework, the conversion of a small-size passenger car to hydrogen fueling was evaluated based on 0D/1D simulation. One of the methods to improve efficiency is to apply exhaust gas recirculation (EGR), which also lowers NOx emissions. Therefore, the previous version of the quasi-dimensional model was modified to include EGR and its effects on combustion. A dedicated laminar flame speed model was implemented for the specific properties of hydrogen, and a purpose-built sub-routine was implemented to correctly model the effects of residual gas at the start of combustion. Simulations were performed in several operating points representative of urban and highway driving. One of the main conclusions was that high-pressure recirculation was severely limited by the minimum flow requirements of the compressor. Low-pressure EGR ensured wider applicability and significant improvement of efficiency, especially during partial-load operation specific to urban use. Another benefit of recirculation was that pressure rise rates were predicted to be more contained and closer to the values expected for gasoline fueling. This was possible due to the high tolerance of H2 to the presence of residual gas.

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