Exploring consumer perception about the different types of chocolate

Gámbaro, Adriana; Ellis, Ana Claudia

doi:10.1590/s1981-67232012005000021

Cited by 19 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 21 publications

(19 reference statements)

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“…Gámbaro and Ellis [40] used CA in order to identify possible groups of consumers with different perceptions about the healthiness of different types of chocolate. Hierarchical CA was carried out on the scores.…”

Section: The Methodological Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Commercial Aquaponics Approaching the European Market: To Consumers’ Perceptions of Aquaponics Products in Europe

Miličić

Thorarinsdottir

Santos

et al. 2017

Water

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Abstract:The first commercial aquaponics companies are starting up in Europe. The main focus has been on solving technology issues and optimizing production. However, increasing attention is now being paid to certification and regulations linked to aquaponics, as well as the marketing of products and services. The paper presents the results of a study whose main aim was to estimate consumers' knowledge about aquaponics and their acceptance of aquaponics products in different European regions. An on-line questionnaire was administered to the general public through the aquaponics network of Food and Agriculture COST (European Cooperation in Science and Technology) Action FA1305 "The EU Aquaponics Hub-Realising Sustainable Integrated Fish and Vegetable Production for the EU" in 16 European countries. The methodology includes univariate and multivariate statistical techniques. The results show that, on average, attitudes towards aquaponics were positive, showing no significant differences between those who already knew about aquaponics and those who only heard about it through the survey. More than 50% of respondents had never heard of aquaponics, whilst more than 70% had already heard of hydroponics. No more than 17% of respondents were willing to pay more for aquaponically produced products and no more than 40% more when compared to the price of products from conventional farming. The results confirm three different clusters of potential consumers of aquaponics products. They also suggest an urgent need for implementing integrated and holistic approaches involving all stakeholders in aquaponics, in order to define a marketing plan and efficient communication strategies. This COST action, other projects and public decision makers must invest in educating consumers about aquaponics through the organization of guided tours, thematic workshops and tastings of aquaponics products in order to raise their awareness about this new technology. It is absolutely urgent that public decision makers, in cooperation with aquaponics stakeholders, address the main institutional constraints, namely the introduction of aquaponics as an economic activity and the organic certification of aquaponics products.

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Section: The Methodological Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Commercial Aquaponics Approaching the European Market: To Consumers’ Perceptions of Aquaponics Products in Europe

Miličić

Thorarinsdottir

Santos

et al. 2017

Water

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“…Survey questions were developed based primarily on prior studies [21][22][23]. Prior to data collection, a pilot test of 30 participants was conducted to assess the survey quality.…”

Section: Methodology Study Design and Survey Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chocolate Consumption and Health Beliefs and its Relation to BMI in College Students

Yeh¹

2016

OWL

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Objective: To evaluate chocolate consumption, its association with Body Mass Index (BMI), and the relationship between health beliefs about chocolate and its consumption in college students. Methods:In 2013, a paper and electronic survey was conducted to assess personal health information, type of chocolate consumed, its typical serving size, and frequency of consumption. A series of statements pertaining to chocolate consumption and health beliefs was assessed using a five-point Likert scale. The survey was conducted between May 1 and August 5, 2013 and recruited participants from a multi-ethnic population of students and employees of an urban college.Results: Participants (n=553) were 66.7% female, mean age of 23.75 years (SD=7.40) and a mean BMI of 23.61 (SD=5.11). Milk chocolate was consumed by 40% of participants and 28.4% consumed dark chocolate. Most respondents ate a small-medium or medium-large serving size of chocolate (66.8%) and consumed chocolate several times a week (48.9%). A significant association was observed with milk chocolate consumed in large serving sizes, whereas dark chocolate was consumed in small serving sizes (p=0.001). In comparison to males, females were more likely to have consumed dark chocolate (p<0.001) and in smaller servings sizes (p<.001). Racial/ethnic differences were observed with Whites consuming more dark chocolate and other racial/ethnic groups consuming more milk chocolate (p<0.001), while African-Americans and Asians consumed larger serving sizes (p=0.013). Most respondents agreed with a statement that dark chocolate is the healthiest chocolate (74.1%), this belief was stronger among females as compared to males (p<.001). While most chocolate health beliefs were similar between genders and racial and ethnic groups, males, African-Americans, and Hispanics held stronger beliefs that all chocolate is good for one's health (p<.05). BMI was not associated with chocolate consumption nor was health beliefs about chocolate. Conclusion:Our findings showed that this group of college-aged students tended to consume milk chocolate most commonly. Racial/ethnic and gender differences were observed in consumption and general health beliefs of chocolate. No association was observed between BMI and type of chocolate consumption, or between BMI and chocolate health beliefs.Citation: Ming-Chin Yeh, Platkin C, Estrella P, MacShane C, Allinger D, et al. (2016) Cocoa and its polyphenols have been shown to prevent or slow down the progression of cancer by diminishing intracellular reactive oxygen species production, enhance the activity of endogenous antioxidant enzymes, act as a radical scavengers, prevent oxidative damage to DNA, inhibit inflammatory mediators, and induce apoptosis in cancer cells [14]. For instance, cocoa was shown to be chemo-protective as it induced antioxidant enzymes and suppressed the expression of inflammatory mediators in a mouse model of colitis-associated cancer cells [15]. Another study found that a polyphenolic cocoa extract had an antioxidant effec...

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“…Understanding these differences in expectations can provide useful information to predict food choices, especially those based on utilitarian and symbolic motivations. According to Gámbaro, Dauber, Ares, and Ellis (), this technique is being widely used today, and according to Pontual et al. (), it has been shown to be very useful in the evaluation of food products.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Consumers’ Impression of Minimally Processed Gala Apples Using Word Association

Krumreich

Seifert

Santos

et al. 2019

Journal of Food Science

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This study aimed to identify consumers’ preferences and impressions of minimally processed “Gala” cultivar apples, using preference tests and word associations. The study was conducted online via the Google Docs tool and sent out via social networks. The participants were 607 individuals, mostly women, mainly between the ages of 18 and 45, with education up to undergraduate and postgraduate level. As regards the preference for minimally processed apples, the profile of the consumer did not influence the choice. The profiles analyzed were gender and education. For the word association test, 11‐word categories were formed, and among these, the most important aspect was appearance, followed by taste and texture, which was confirmed by correspondence analysis. Sample A (0 days—no storage) was the most preferred one, differing significantly from the other samples, whereas sample B (3 days of storage) and sample C (6 days of storage) were associated with characteristics for choice of product. The word association methodology revealed the consumer's impressions of the product, in addition to demonstrating simplicity, low cost, speed, and an exploratory character. Practical Application Gender and level of schooling did not influence the choice of minimally processed apples. Appearance was the most cited word in the word association test. Word association is a simple, fast, inexpensive, and projective technique.

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Exploring consumer perception about the different types of chocolate

Cited by 19 publications

References 21 publications

Commercial Aquaponics Approaching the European Market: To Consumers’ Perceptions of Aquaponics Products in Europe

Commercial Aquaponics Approaching the European Market: To Consumers’ Perceptions of Aquaponics Products in Europe

Chocolate Consumption and Health Beliefs and its Relation to BMI in College Students

Consumers’ Impression of Minimally Processed Gala Apples Using Word Association

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