Exploring and Validating Physicochemical Properties of Mangiferin Through GastroPlus ^® Software

Abstract

Aim:Mangiferin (Mgf), a promising therapeutic polyphenol, exhibits poor oral bioavailability. Hence, apt delivery systems are required to facilitate its gastrointestinal absorption. The requisite details on its physicochemical properties have not yet been well documented in literature. Accordingly, in order to have explicit insight into its physicochemical characteristics, the present work was undertaken using GastroPlus™ software.Results:Aqueous solubility (0.38 mg/ml), log P (-0.65), Peff (0.16 × 10-4 cm/s) and ability to act as P-gp substrate were defined. Potency to act as a P-gp substrate was verified through Caco-2 cells, while Peff was estimated through single pass intestinal perfusion studies. Characterization of Mgf through transmission electron microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, infrared spectroscopy and powder x-ray diffraction has also been reported.Conclusion:The values of physicochemical properties for Mgf reported in the current manuscript would certainly enable the researchers to develop newer delivery systems for Mgf.

Teknik Isolasi dan Penentuan Struktur Mangiferin: Senyawa Aktif dari Tanaman Mangga (Mangifera indica L.)

“…Pengujian FTIR mangiferin yang dilakukan oleh Khurana et al (2017) menunjukkan mangiferin memiliki gugus fungsi pada puncak 3399 cm -1 (O-H str ), 2932,8 cm -1 (C-H str alifatik), 1636,75 cm -1 (C=O str ), 1497,10 cm -1 (CH-CH str ) dan 1253,42 cm -1 (C-O str ). Terdapat puncak khas pada 1023,22 cm -1 yang menunjukkan adanya peregangan C-C pada struktur mangiferin 29 .…”

Recent Formulation Advances of Mangiferin

“…Among these molecules is the xanthonoid compound mangiferin (1), which is a natural C-glucoside xanthone (2-C-β-D-gluco-pyranosyl-1,3,6,7-tetrahydroxyxanthone) (Khurana et al 2016a). It is found in many plant species; however, it is primarily obtained from the leaves, stem barks, roots, and fruits of mango tree Mangifera indica L., Anacardiaceae (Nunez Selles et al 2016;Khurana et al 2017a).…”

“…Moreover, mangiferin exhibits high hepatic first-pass metabolism (Tian et al 2016a) and high P-gp efflux (Louisa et al 2014). All of the aforementioned result in low mangiferin bioavailability (about 1.2%) (Liu et al 2012;Khurana et al 2017a), hence restricting its eventual clinical use (Tian et al 2016b).…”

Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Approach Can Successfully Predict Pharmacokinetics of Citalopram in Different Patient Populations

“…Systemic information (ie, human body physiology), drug properties (eg, physicochemical parameters, permeability, partitioning to organs and tissues, plasma protein binding, or affinities toward certain metabolizing enzymes and transporters) and study design (eg, dose, route, and frequency of administration, food intake, sampling site) are the fundamental input parameters for the PBPK model . Several software packages, such as Simcyp, GastroPlus, PK‐Sim, are commercially available for PBPK modeling . Our objective was to develop a PBPK model of citalopram and apply it to predict the plasma concentration time profile of citalopram in 2 patient populations.…”

“…23 Several software packages, such as Simcyp, GastroPlus, PK-Sim, are commercially available for PBPK modeling. [24][25][26] Our objective was to develop a PBPK model of citalopram and apply it to predict the plasma concentration time profile of citalopram in 2 patient populations.…”