Exploring a theme park's tourism carrying capacity: A demand-side analysis

Zhang, Yingsha; Li, Xiang; Su, Qin; Hu, Xingbao

doi:10.1016/j.tourman.2016.08.019

Cited by 65 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…In regards to crowding consequences, past research suggests that crowding perception affects the quality of the experience, as well as tourists' affective response and satisfaction [6,9,11,12,49,50]. Research investigating the relationship between crowding perception and satisfaction has yielded mixed findings.…”

Section: Tourism Crowdingmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Sustainability of Cruise Tourism Onshore: The Impact of Crowding on Visitors’ Satisfaction

2019

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The sustainability of cruise tourism has been questioned in relation to its negative effects on ports of call, among which crowding has recently become more pronounced. However, an understanding of how crowdedness influences cruise tourists' experience onshore is lacking. The study analyzed online reviews on onshore experiences in the main European ports of call through Leximancer, an automated text analytics software. The results revealed that the perceived destination crowding was not always negatively evaluated by tourists, but was also discussed as a factor adding up to the authenticity of the visit under certain circumstances. Nevertheless, the evidence indicates that only human crowding might be positively assessed, while the spatial crowdedness was always reported as detracting from the enjoyment of the visit. The analysis also showed that the crowding phenomenon was represented differently in the accounts of the low, average and high satisfaction cruise tourists' groups. The role of the guide, as well as the attractiveness of the sightseeing were identified as factors that can ameliorate the negative effect of crowding on the destination visit. The findings yield relevant implications for all actors involved in the cruise tourism activity, which should manage destination crowdedness in a more sustainably innovative way.In view of the above, the purpose of this study is to explore cruise tourists' perceived crowding at the main European ports of call, and to examine its impact on destination visit satisfaction through the analysis of online reviews. This study therefore fills a major gap in the tourism literature on overcrowding by exploring the role of crowding perception in both, positively and negatively evaluated cruise destination experiences.The remaining part of the paper is structured in four parts. It starts with sustainable destination tourism models, followed by examining the concept of tourism crowding. The forth section is concerned with the methodology of the study, addressing the advantages and weaknesses of using Leximancer. The fifth section analyses the results of the study, while the sixth provides the research conclusions. Finally, the last sections address the discussion of the results, the practical implications of the study, as well as the research limitations and the future research lines.

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Section: Tourism Crowdingmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Sustainability of Cruise Tourism Onshore: The Impact of Crowding on Visitors’ Satisfaction

2019

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“…Theme parks are usually associated with waiting and queuing (Hernandez-Maskivker et al 2019); consumers want to enjoy the service and are willing to wait. Theme park operators use a variety of strategies to reduce waiting time and enhance tourist experiences (Zhang et al 2017). Taylor (1994) regards waiting time as the period between a consumer being ready to receive a service and the actual service provision.…”

Section: Waiting Timementioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Consumers’ WTP for Service Recovery in Restaurants: Waiting Time Perspective

Ting

Huang

Lin

et al. 2019

Administrative Sciences

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Restaurant service quality assessment has generally focused on the dining service. However, restaurant service begins with waiting for the meal. When service failure occurs due to a long waiting time, restaurant managers should adopt appropriate service recovery measures to retain consumers and reduce loss. This approach would allow them to mitigate customer dissatisfaction and negative impressions. In this study, we explore the importance of pre-processing service in the context of possible restaurant service crises and construct a restaurant service recovery model for willingness to pay (WTP) through the contingent valuation method (CVM) to measure the effects before and after implementing service recovery. Overall, several psychological and tangible service recovery measures are provided to enhance people’s willingness to extend their waiting time. Within our study group, relatively young participants showed a high willingness to extend their waiting time. Furthermore, the opportunity cost of high-income people in the waiting process was relatively high. Compared with psychological service recovery programs, our results show that tangible service recovery programs prompt respondents to wait for an additional ~10 min. This paper offers support for restaurant managers to manage consumer relationships.

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“…The work over the last decade has covered a broad range of topics, including (a) theme park management strategies and trends (Lillestol, Timothy and Goodman, 2015;Milman, 2007;Pikkemaat and Schuckert, 2007), (b) theme park human resources management (Milman and Dickson, 2014;Wagenheim and Anderson, 2008;Yang, 2011), (c) measurement of theme park quality and other factors influencing guest experience, satisfaction and brand loyalty (Cheng, Du, and Ma, 2016;Cheng, Fang, and Chen, 2016;Chin and Wu, 2009;Dong and Siu, 2013;Fotiadis and Vassiliadis, 2016;Rucks, 2011a, 2011b;Lai, Yu and Kuo, 2010;Ma et al, 2013Ma et al, , 2017Milman, 2009Milman, , 2013Milman et al, 2012;Ryan, Ryan, Shuo and Huan, 2010;Slåtten, Krogh and Connolley, 2011;Trischler and Zehrer, 2012;Tsang et al, 2012;Wu, Li and Li, 2014;Zhang et al, 2017), (d) visitor movement, queueing behaviour and crowd and queue management (Alexander, MacLaren, O'Gorman, and White, 2012;Birenboim et al, 2013;Brown, Kappes and Marks, 2013;Cope et al, 2011;Fotiadis, 2016;Hashim and Said, 2013;Hernandez-Maskivker et al, 2013;Heung, Tsang and Cheng, 2009;Ledbetter et al, 2013), (e) theme park visitor motivations and visitation intentions (Bakir and Baxter, 2011;Chang, Shu and King, 2013;…”

Section: Review Of the Literature: Theme Park Management Pricing And Rmmentioning

confidence: 99%

Demand-based pricing in the US theme park industry

Lewison

2017

IJLTM

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Even as revenue management practices spread from the travel sector to other industries, the US theme park industry practiced static pricing. Highly visible demand-based pricing introduced by Disney and Universal highlights the relative lack of research on theme park pricing. We surveyed the research and gathered pricing information from 70 different US theme park websites in 2012 and 2016 and found that US theme parks in our sample added online ticket sales, discounts for advance sales and differential daily pricing during that period. We also report the proportion of US theme parks offering queue products and meal plans as ticket add-ons. Characteristics of theme parks may prevent true dynamic pricing, but the US theme park industry has begun moving away from its traditional static pricing model towards demand-based pricing.

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Exploring a theme park's tourism carrying capacity: A demand-side analysis

Cited by 65 publications

References 30 publications

The Sustainability of Cruise Tourism Onshore: The Impact of Crowding on Visitors’ Satisfaction

The Sustainability of Cruise Tourism Onshore: The Impact of Crowding on Visitors’ Satisfaction

Evaluation of Consumers’ WTP for Service Recovery in Restaurants: Waiting Time Perspective

Demand-based pricing in the US theme park industry

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