Exploratory evaluation of a moving-model technique for measurement of dynamic ground effects

Dynamic Ground Effect Analysis using a Novel Sinking Grid Methodology

“…2,4 Some times experiments where moving the (sting mounted) model vertically away from Ground plane 5 or horizontally over an inclined plane are also conducted. 6 Sometimes the ground effect data are also generated in towing tanks. 7 It has been reported that the static simulations over predict the aerodynamic coefficients as compared to the dynamic simulations.…”

“…However, it should be remarked that most of the work pertaining to ground effect are static. Interested readers are referred to references, [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] for both experimental and computational details of dynamic ground effect.…”

Determination of Aerodynamic Forces and Control Requirement during Ground Effect

“…The critical safety aspect in ground effect studies attracted many types of research towards the development of enhanced understanding. The researches include conceptual ground effect modeling, wind tunnel tests, numerical investigations, and the estimation through flight tests (Campbell, Hassel, Jr., & Thomas, 1978;Chen & Schweikhard, 1985;Corda, Stephenson, Mark, Frank, & Curry, 1994;Coulliette & Plotkin, 1996;Curry, 1997;Curry & Owens, 2003;Kemmerly & Paulson, 1989;Lee, Lan, & Muirhead, 1989;Mantle, 2016;Mills, 2017;Nuhait, 1995;Philips, 1985;Chang & Muirhead, 2012;Qu, Jia, Wang, Liu, & Agarwal, 2014/2015Schweikhard, 1967;Staufenbiel, 1978;Staufenbiel & Schlichting, 1988;Tani, Taima & Simidu, 1937;Zerihan & Zhang, 2000). The continuous efforts in pursuit of utilizing advantages of ground effect have lead to the development of an entirely different category of vehicles, commonly known as Wing-In-Ground (WIG) aircraft.…”

Measurement of ground effect and boundary-layer transition by towing wind tunnel

“…Also, it is difficult to install moving belts on the side walls of the test section. It has already been pointed out that testing using a moving model on steady ground shows significantly different ground effects than those obtained from conventional wind tunnel testing using a moving belt (Kemmerly and Paulson 1989). To evaluate the ground effect with high accuracy, the testing model should be therefore moved in still air on still ground that is extensive enough.…”