“…[7] Although some of these models were based on the explicit bin-resolving microphysics [e.g., Khvorostyanov, 1991Khvorostyanov, , 1995Bakan et al, 1995;Olsson et al, 1998;Harrington et al, 1999;Jiang et al, 2000Jiang et al, , 2001Olsson and Harrington, 2000;Khvorostyanov et al, 2001], most of the aforementioned simulation studies used bulk microphysical parameterizations. In bulk microphysical parameterizations, assumptions must be made about the temperature at which ice nucleation occurs, the threshold for the so-called autoconversion of cloud water to rain or snow, the relative humidity threshold for nucleation, and the relaxation times for condensation and sublimation.…”