Exploratory assessment of the occurrence of SARS-CoV-2 in aerosols in hospital facilities and public spaces of a metropolitan center in Brazil

Passos, Ricardo Gomes; Silveira, Marina Bicalho; Abrahão, Jônatas Santos

doi:10.1016/j.envres.2021.110808

Cited by 48 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Some of these studies detected SARS-CoV-2 RNA in some air samples [ 351 – 374 ], but other studies did not [ 375 – 384 ]. Several of the qRT-PCR-positive studies were not successful in isolating viable SARS-CoV-2 [ 351 , 354 , 357 , 364 , 366 , 367 , 371 , 372 ], while others did not attempt to culture SARS-CoV-2 [ 355 , 356 , 358 – 363 , 365 , 368 – 370 , 373 , 374 ]. Two hospital-based studies have reported infectious SARS-CoV-2 in ambient air.…”

Section: Main Textmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some studies conducting community-based SARS-CoV-2 RNA detection in air samples have reported negative findings, including those from cruise ship cabins [ 388 ], quarantined households [ 389 ], residential areas [ 354 , 370 ], open public areas [ 354 , 368 ], and transportation [ 368 , 390 ]. In contrast, other studies have reported positive qRT-PCR-positive air samples from a variety of indoor or crowded public spaces [ 370 , 391 ] and transportation [ 391 , 392 ], with SARS-CoV-2 viability not assessed.…”

Section: Main Textmentioning

confidence: 99%

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COVID-19 false dichotomies and a comprehensive review of the evidence regarding public health, COVID-19 symptomatology, SARS-CoV-2 transmission, mask wearing, and reinfection

et al. 2021

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Scientists across disciplines, policymakers, and journalists have voiced frustration at the unprecedented polarization and misinformation around coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Several false dichotomies have been used to polarize debates while oversimplifying complex issues. In this comprehensive narrative review, we deconstruct six common COVID-19 false dichotomies, address the evidence on these topics, identify insights relevant to effective pandemic responses, and highlight knowledge gaps and uncertainties. The topics of this review are: 1) Health and lives vs. economy and livelihoods, 2) Indefinite lockdown vs. unlimited reopening, 3) Symptomatic vs. asymptomatic severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, 4) Droplet vs. aerosol transmission of SARS-CoV-2, 5) Masks for all vs. no masking, and 6) SARS-CoV-2 reinfection vs. no reinfection. We discuss the importance of multidisciplinary integration (health, social, and physical sciences), multilayered approaches to reducing risk (“Emmentaler cheese model”), harm reduction, smart masking, relaxation of interventions, and context-sensitive policymaking for COVID-19 response plans. We also address the challenges in understanding the broad clinical presentation of COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2 transmission, and SARS-CoV-2 reinfection. These key issues of science and public health policy have been presented as false dichotomies during the pandemic. However, they are hardly binary, simple, or uniform, and therefore should not be framed as polar extremes. We urge a nuanced understanding of the science and caution against black-or-white messaging, all-or-nothing guidance, and one-size-fits-all approaches. There is a need for meaningful public health communication and science-informed policies that recognize shades of gray, uncertainties, local context, and social determinants of health.

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Section: Main Textmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Main Textmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 false dichotomies and a comprehensive review of the evidence regarding public health, COVID-19 symptomatology, SARS-CoV-2 transmission, mask wearing, and reinfection

et al. 2021

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“…Given that the resulting particle is larger and a less dense respiratory droplet, the time it remains in the atmosphere could increase. However, other research also carried out in Italy (Bontempi 2020 ; Collivignarelli et al 2021 ; Chirizzi et al 2021 ) and in other countries (Liu et al 2020 ; Dunker et al 2021; Passos et al 2021 ) suggests the opposite in terms of the possible transmission of the virus via particulate matter. In addition, a specific probabilistic analysis of the interaction of viral particles with pre-existing particles was done, showing that the interaction is essentially not happening, so that seems unreasonable to speak of PM 10 as vector of SARS-CoV-2 according to the majority of the experimental and numerical evidences (Belosi et al 2021 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…In addition, studies carried out in Italy (Setti et al 2020) have pointed out that particles of up to 10 micros (PM 10 ) could act as a vector for transmission of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. On the other hand, there are studies that conclude that SARS-CoV-2 are not detectable in outdoors, in Italy (Chirizzi et al 2021) and other countries (Liu et al 2020;Dunker et al 2021;Passos et al 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of environmental factors and Sahara dust intrusions on incidence and severity of COVID-19 disease in Spain. Effect in the first and second pandemic waves

Linares

Culqui

Belda

et al. 2021

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Scientific evidence suggests that Saharan dust intrusions in Southern Europe contribute to the worsening of multiple pathologies and increase the concentrations of particulate matter (PM) and other pollutants. However, few studies have examined whether Saharan dust intrusions influence the incidence and severity of COVID-19 cases. To address this question, in this study we carried out generalized linear models with Poisson link between incidence rates and daily hospital admissions and average daily concentrations of PM 10 , NO 2 , and O 3 in nine Spanish regions for the period from February 1, 2020 to December 31, 2020. The models were adjusted by maximum daily temperature and average daily absolute humidity. Furthermore, we controlled for trend, seasonality, and the autoregressive nature of the series. The variable relating to Saharan dust intrusions was introduced using a dichotomous variable, NAF, averaged across daily lags in ranges of 0-7 days, 8-14 days, 14-21 days, and 22-28 days. The results obtained in this study suggest that chemical air pollutants, and especially NO 2 , are related to the incidence and severity of COVID-19 in Spain. Furthermore, Saharan dust intrusions have an additional effect beyond what is attributable to the variation in air pollution; they are related, in different lags, to both the incidence and hospital admissions rates for COVID-19. These results serve to support public health measures that minimize population exposure on days with particulate matter advection from the Sahara.

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“…The clinical manifestations reported in infected and hospitalized patients are fever, dry cough, headache, dyspnea, fatigue, diarrhea, nausea, among others [ 7 ]. Its transmission can occur through respiratory droplets or aerosols dispersed in the air [ 8 ] and from person to person or through contact with an infected surface with subsequent hand contact in the eyes, nose, and/or mouth [ 7 , 9 ]. In an attempt to prevent this mass transmission, basic public health actions have been adopted worldwide, with emphasis on social isolation (SI) [ 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Did social isolation due to COVID-19 interfere with the quality of sleep and excessive daytime sleepiness in individuals with grade III obesity about to enter a surgical prehabilitation program? An observational study

et al. 2021

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Social isolation (SI) can have negative effects on health, although little is known about the SI consequences on patients with grade III obesity and even less if they are entering a prehabilitation program. Objective: the present study analyzes the effects of SI determined by the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in people with grade III obesity who about to enter a prehabilitation program for bariatric surgery. Methods: Five patients with grade III obesity who entered a prehabilitation program or which had to be stopped on March 17th, 2020 were evaluated. Excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) (Epworth Sleepiness Scale - ESS) and sleep quality (SQ) (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index - PSQI) were investigated. Data collection took place in the week before the SI government decree and after 30 and 90 days of SI. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 20.0 and GraphPad Prism 8.0. The Friedman test was used to verify the difference between the times and a significance level of p < 0.05 was adopted. Results: with SI, EDS improved by 8 points after 30 days and 3 points after 90 days (p < 0.05). The PSQI did not change (p = 0.819). Conclusion: the SI improved the EDS of individuals with grade III obesity entering the prehabilitation program, but did not change complementing their SQ. The improvement in EDS may be related to a longer daily sleep time provided by the SI and the lower number of daily work commitments. Measures to improve the SQ of these patients should be considered, including remote forms.

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Exploratory assessment of the occurrence of SARS-CoV-2 in aerosols in hospital facilities and public spaces of a metropolitan center in Brazil

Cited by 48 publications

References 38 publications

COVID-19 false dichotomies and a comprehensive review of the evidence regarding public health, COVID-19 symptomatology, SARS-CoV-2 transmission, mask wearing, and reinfection

COVID-19 false dichotomies and a comprehensive review of the evidence regarding public health, COVID-19 symptomatology, SARS-CoV-2 transmission, mask wearing, and reinfection

Impact of environmental factors and Sahara dust intrusions on incidence and severity of COVID-19 disease in Spain. Effect in the first and second pandemic waves

Did social isolation due to COVID-19 interfere with the quality of sleep and excessive daytime sleepiness in individuals with grade III obesity about to enter a surgical prehabilitation program? An observational study

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