2019
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-39941-5
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Exploration of the Structure and Recognition of a G-quadruplex in the her2 Proto-oncogene Promoter and Its Transcriptional Regulation

Abstract: G-quadruplexes in oncogene promoters provide putative targets for transcriptional regulation. The structure of a putative G-quadruplex sequence (S1: GGAGAAGGAGGAGGTGGAGGAGGAGGG) in potassium solution in the her2 promoter has been resolved mainly through nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. By application of various NMR spectra, we proved the formation of a four-layer G-quadruplex composing of two G-tetrads and two G/A-mixed planes with a four-residues loop (A3-G4-A5-A6). Further evidence from a lucif… Show more

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Cited by 20 publications
(17 citation statements)
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References 68 publications
(66 reference statements)
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“…These studies further highlight the potential tunability of mTOR expression via the secondary structure of P2 G4. As evidenced by the recent discoveries of novel G-quadruplexes 60,65,66,67,68,69 , this unique secondary structure provides an opportunity for the future design and synthesis of mTOR specific ligands. This study would also assist in identifying diverse targets for alternative therapeutic approaches to control overexpression of mTOR gene paving the path for detailed studies in this frontier.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…These studies further highlight the potential tunability of mTOR expression via the secondary structure of P2 G4. As evidenced by the recent discoveries of novel G-quadruplexes 60,65,66,67,68,69 , this unique secondary structure provides an opportunity for the future design and synthesis of mTOR specific ligands. This study would also assist in identifying diverse targets for alternative therapeutic approaches to control overexpression of mTOR gene paving the path for detailed studies in this frontier.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Breast cancer cells can acquire the ability to continuously proliferate through various molecular pathways. Genes including hTERT , HER2 ( ERBB2 ), HRAS , KRAS and c-MYC confer increased proliferative capacity in breast cancer ( 142 , 143 ). Each of these genes has been linked to silencing in cancer through DNA secondary structure formation, as discussed below.…”
Section: Non-canonical Dna Secondary Structures As Modulators Of Gene Expressionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The HER2 promoter contains a G4-forming sequence which is the binding site for several TFs ( 147 ). When folded, the HER2 promoter G4 element acts to block transcription resulting in repression of HER2 ( 148 ). Downregulation of HER2 levels is a potential therapeutic target and has been demonstrated within breast cancer cells via a luciferase reporter assay whereby stabilization of the HER2 promoter G4 structure downregulated HER2 expression at both the mRNA and protein levels ( 148 ).…”
Section: Non-canonical Dna Secondary Structures As Modulators Of Gene Expressionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The depicted (n=3)-layered motifs are the most common G4-motif. In general however G4s with n≥2 88 layers can form stable structures, depending on the nucleotide sequence (n=2 [89][90][91][92] , n=4 93,94 ).…”
Section: Canonical Structural Polymorphismmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…HER289 , RB1470,471 and RET 325 .2.4 The cMYC Proto-Oncogene Promoter"I am, of course, most ignorant about all things biological, but I imagine most (X-ray) people start that way. "…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%