Exploration of the potential application of plutonium isotopes in source identification of sandstorm in the atmosphere of Beijing

Ouyang, Jun; Shao, Yang; Luo, Ming; Zhang, Jilong; Dai, Xiongxin; Ma, Li; Xu, Defu

doi:10.1016/j.cclet.2022.03.030

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Particles with a size of approximately 1 μm will remain in the troposphere for several hours and then fall to the same latitude, while particles smaller than 1 μm can reach the stratosphere and persist there for approximately 1.5 years before settling down on the global surface. 2,3 Numerous studies have demonstrated that nuclear events lead to heightened levels of radioactivity in the environment, resulting in increased radiation doses experienced by living organisms. 4−6 Unlike the global pollution caused by atmospheric nuclear weapons testing, other sources of artificially deposited radionuclides, such as the Chernobyl or Fukushima accidents, only caused local-scale pollution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among these substances, large particles more prominent than approximately 50 μm settle rapidly. Particles with a size of approximately 1 μm will remain in the troposphere for several hours and then fall to the same latitude, while particles smaller than 1 μm can reach the stratosphere and persist there for approximately 1.5 years before settling down on the global surface. , Numerous studies have demonstrated that nuclear events lead to heightened levels of radioactivity in the environment, resulting in increased radiation doses experienced by living organisms. − Unlike the global pollution caused by atmospheric nuclear weapons testing, other sources of artificially deposited radionuclides, such as the Chernobyl or Fukushima accidents, only caused local-scale pollution . According to the long-term anthropogenic radionuclide deposition monitoring conducted by the Japan Meteorological Research Institute since 1956, it has been observed that after 1988, the decline rate of anthropogenic radionuclide deposition slowed or almost stopped.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Migration of Fallout Radionuclides and Soil Erosion of Hongsongwa Mountainous in China

Guan,

Cui,

Huang

et al. 2024

ACS Earth Space Chem.

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To study the effect of soil erosion on the distribution and migration pattern of radionuclides, the levels of 239+240 Pu and 137 Cs in alpine meadow soil were measured in the Hongsongwa Nature Reserve, Hebei Province. The measured activities of 239+240 Pu and 137 Cs in surface soil ranged from 0.028 to 2.781 Bq/kg and from 1.3 to 59.8 Bq/kg, respectively. The distribution of 137 Cs and 239+240 Pu is uneven and significantly correlated with the organic matter content and altitude variations within the study area. Core samples were collected from both ridge and valley locations to assess erosion rates, revealing that ridge areas experienced approximately 2.5 times higher erosion rates (18.0 t ha −l a −1 ) compared to valleys (7.3 t ha −l a −1 ). The vertical migration behavior of 239+240 Pu and 137 Cs was quantitatively described by a convection-diffusion equation model. Results indicated that core samples taken from the ridge displayed significantly higher apparent diffusion coefficients (D Cs = 4.57 cm 2 /y; D Pu = 2.42 cm 2 /y) as well as apparent convection coefficient (ν Cs = 0.31 cm/y; ν Pu = 0.43 cm/y), which were approximately 10 and 2 times those observed in reference sample (D Cs = 0.33 cm 2 /y; D Pu = 0.32 cm 2 /y; ν Cs = 0.16 cm/y; ν Pu = 0.17 cm/y), respectively. The migration rate of 239+240 Pu is accelerated by 39% compared to that of 137 Cs due to soil erosion. The diffusion and convection rates of both isotopes in the valley sample are similar to those in the reference sample. In general, soil erosion significantly affects the horizontal and vertical migration of 239+240 Pu and 137 Cs.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Migration of Fallout Radionuclides and Soil Erosion of Hongsongwa Mountainous in China

Guan,

Cui,

Huang

et al. 2024

ACS Earth Space Chem.

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“…In recent years, many urban areas in China have been severely affected by haze [ 1 , 2 , 3 ]. The primary emissions, secondary formation and transformation, and stable weather conditions have been considered as the main reasons for such widespread and continuous high loading of air pollutants, including haze, over China [ 4 , 5 , 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Stable Sulfur Isotope to Trace Sulfur Oxidation Pathways during the Winter of 2017–2019 in Tianjin, North China

Ding

Chen

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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After the implementation of the Coal Replacing Project (CRP) in the northern parts of China in 2017, its effect on PM2.5 composition is still unclear. In the study, water-soluble ionic components (WSICs) and stable sulfur isotope ratios (δ34S) of SO42− in PM2.5 collected during the domestic heating period before and after the implementation of CRP in Tianjin were analyzed. Results showed that the average concentrations of both PM2.5 and WSICs have dropped dramatically after the CRP, especially for the SO42− (by approximately 57–60%). After the CRP, the range of δ34Ssulfate was significantly narrowed to 4.1–7.5‰ in January 2018 and 1.4–6.1‰ in January 2019, which suggested that the sulfur source was becoming simple. It was interesting that the δ34Ssulfate value in the pollution period before the CRP was higher than that in the clean period, whereas it showed the opposite tendency after the CRP, which implied that the contribution of sea salt was high during the pollution period before the CRP. The MIXSIAR model calculated that the contributions of the transition-metal ion (TMI) oxidation and NO2 oxidation pathways in the three sampling stages were higher than those of the OH radical oxidation and H2O2/O3 oxidation pathways, indicating that the formation pathway of sulfate was mainly dominated by heterogeneous oxidation. Before the CRP, the NO2 oxidation pathway was the dominant sulfate oxidation pathway during a haze episode, and the TMI oxidation pathway dominated the formation of sulfates after the CRP.

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Surface tension of single suspended aerosol microdroplets

Tong,

Wu,

Zhou

et al. 2024

Chinese Chemical Letters

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Exploration of the potential application of plutonium isotopes in source identification of sandstorm in the atmosphere of Beijing

Cited by 5 publications

References 31 publications

Migration of Fallout Radionuclides and Soil Erosion of Hongsongwa Mountainous in China

Migration of Fallout Radionuclides and Soil Erosion of Hongsongwa Mountainous in China

Using Stable Sulfur Isotope to Trace Sulfur Oxidation Pathways during the Winter of 2017–2019 in Tianjin, North China

Surface tension of single suspended aerosol microdroplets

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