Exploration of Novel Anti-Oxidant Protein Sestrin in Frailty Syndrome in Elderly

Abstract

Frailty in elderly is very much familiar with a decline in the musculoskeletal system. Muscle degeneration in the lower organism was observed due to loss of anti-oxidant protein Sestrin. The aim of the study is to determine the level of Sestrin1 and Sestrin2 in the serum of frail and non-frail elderly to associate their impact in frailty syndrome. Subjects with age ≥ 65 years were enrolled from Geriatric Medicine OPD of All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi (N= 92). Among them, 51 subjects were identified as frail and rest 41 were regarded as non-frail according to “deficit accumulation model of Rockwood.” The study was performed by surface plasmon resonance and validated by western blot. Sestrin1 and Sestrin2 were found to be significantly reduced in frail compare to non-frail elderly. Furthermore, even after the adjustment for age, gender and education, the level of Sestrin1 and Sestrin2 remain significantly lower across the groups. The Sestrin1 level was significantly lower in various categories like age, gender, BMI, education, ADL, number of co-morbidity along with other clinico-pathological features. ROC analysis also revealed the distinction of frail and non-frail in respect to serum Sestrin1 and Sestrin2. This study highlighted the new and promising role of serum Sestrin in frail and non-frail elderly. In future, it can be utilized as molecular marker to assess the potential diagnostic value for clinical purpose.

Sestrin prevents atrophy of disused and aging muscles by integrating anabolic and catabolic signals

“…h Mean myofiber CSA in TA muscle from FoxO1,3,4 WT wasting and age-associated muscle atrophy. The relevance of our data is further supported by recent findings demonstrating reduction of sestrins' protein levels in muscles of aging human individuals 36 including muscles from the frail elderly population 37 . Future studies should explore the effect of Sestrin/mTOR modulators such as NV-5138 38 on these conditions.…”

Physical activity improves sarcopenia in a murine model by enhancing the proliferative potential of muscle stem cells, oxidative capacity of mitochondrial enzymes and expression of Sestrins

“…Lack of SESN increases ROS and thereby promotes oxidative stress (Budanov, A.V, et al, 2004). Loss of serum sestrin in frail elderly compared to non-frail elderly was reported in our earlier study (Rai, et 2018). Physical exercise promotes the intracellular ATP depletion and the increase of AMP content, triggering AMPK activation.…”

“…Sestrins have been studied for their role in skeletal muscle. Sestrins, as antioxidant molecules, show altered expression in frail older patients and play a protective role under stressful conditions (Rai et al, 2018). The present study suggests that reduced expression of Sestrins can be one of the causative factors responsible for sarcopenia in the SAR-model group, which failed to cope with oxidative stress.…”

“…The Sestrin family of proteins (Sestrin 1 and Sestrin 2) has been studied for their roles in skeletal muscle biology. Sestrin, as an antioxidant molecule, has shown altered expression in frail patients and plays a protective role in stressful conditions (Rai et al, 2018).…”

Novel Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Techniques for DNA, Protein and Drug Detection

“…Recently, SERS has become a promising technique for the rapid recognition and structural characterization of DNA, offering an ultrahigh sensitivity and detailed fingerprint information. Since diagnostic tests play an important role in disease detection, developing a sensitive and specific analytical tool to measure multiple protein markers simultaneously has gained tremendous attention [16,17,18]. Meanwhile, SERS presents a satisfactory technique for multiplexed assays.…”