Exploration of morphology evolution of the inclusions in Mg-treated 16MnCrS5 steel

Xie, Jian‐bo; Zhang, Dong; Yang, Qiankun; An, Jin-min; Huang, Zongze; Fu, Jianxun

doi:10.1080/03019233.2018.1492501

Cited by 32 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Zhang et al [ 31 ] observed similar MnS–MgS composite inclusions in Mg‐treated free‐cutting steel. Xie et al [ 32 ] reported that when the Mg content in 16MnCrS5 steel was between 35 and 42 ppm, several small spindle‐shaped or spherical composite inclusions with a MgO–Al 2 O 3 core surface wrapped by MnS were formed in the molten steel. The deformation of the inclusions after hot rolling and forging was small.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Magnesium Treatment and Cooling Method on Manganese Sulfide in U75V Heavy‐Rail Steel Deoxidized by Si–Mn

Zhuo

Zhang

Zhao

et al. 2023

steel research int.

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The effect of magnesium (Mg) on the morphology of sulfides in silicon–manganese deoxidized low‐sulfur and low‐aluminum steels is investigated by adding different amounts of nickel–magnesium (Ni–Mg) alloy to a heavy‐rail steel U75V melt and cooling the melt from 1600 °C to room temperature under different conditions. Herein, the effects of Mg content and cooling rate on MnS inclusions are investigated. It is indicated that with an increase in the Mg content in molten steel from 0 to 64 ppm, the main composition of inclusions changes following the path of CaO–SiO2–Al2O3 → MgO–Al2O3–MnS → MgO–MnS–MgS. Mg significantly inhibits the precipitation of long‐strip MnS and can decrease the average size and aspect ratio of the inclusions. Under furnace cooling, when Mg is 41 ppm, the minimum aspect ratio of the inclusions is 1.61. The higher the cooling rate, the smaller the inclusion size; however, compared to water and furnace coolings, with cooling rates of 126.3 and 0.12 °C s−1, respectively, the inclusion aspect ratio of the air‐cooling conditions with a cooling rate of 67.7 °C s−1 is low. Finally, thermal simulations verify the effect of Mg treatment on the suppression of MnS deformation during rolling.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Magnesium Treatment and Cooling Method on Manganese Sulfide in U75V Heavy‐Rail Steel Deoxidized by Si–Mn

Zhuo

Zhang

Zhao

et al. 2023

steel research int.

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“…The morphology and distribution of sulphide directly affect the improvement of cutting performance and the anisotropy of mechanical properties [1,2]. Magnesium (Mg) treatment or magnesium-calcium (Mg + Ca) treatment are often used for the modification of sulphide through heterogeneous behaviour and inhibition of sulphide plastic deformation [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10]. H. Yaguchi et al [3] added Mg(+Ca) into Pb-free machine structural free-machining steel with 0.056 wt-% S, and found that Mg(+Ca) additions made the distribution of sulphide inclusions more uniform and the shape of the inclusions more globular.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…J. B. Xie et al [8] studied the characteristics of oxide core in molten steel with different content of magnesium. When the content of Mg was between 0.349 and 6.076 ppm, Al 2 O 3 was easily converted to MgO•Al 2 O 3 , whereas MgO or even MgS would appear when the content of Mg was above 6.076 ppm.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of sulphide inclusion in Mg–Ca treating gear steel

Xie¹,

Meng²,

Deng³

et al. 2022

Ironmaking & Steelmaking

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The behaviour of sulphide inclusion in Ti-S-containing gear steel is studied, when Mg-Ca treatment is applied to control the sulphide shape. The results show that MgO + CaS will appear in molten steel after Mg-Ca treatment is carried out and act as the heterogeneous nucleus of TiN and MnS during subsequent solidification process. CaS in molten steel has the tendency to transform into (Ca,Mn)S with the development of solidification. The transformation degree is influenced by cooling rate and even stopped when CaS is totally covered by a TiN shell, resulting in the formation of three types of sulphides with evidently different chemical compositional characteristics in casted billet. Based on the study in the paper, the improvement of sulphide morphology under heterogeneous nucleation effect by oxide core and modification effect by calcium will be prevented by the titanium nitride which precipitates first in Ti-containing gear steel.

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“…In steelmaking, ferrosilicon is usually added to the molten steel after Al deoxidation during the electric arc furnace (EAF)/basic oxygen furnace (BOF) tapping process. Many valuable studies have been carried out on inclusion evolution in steel during the secondary refining process, and the contributions of refining slag, [6][7][8][9][10] refractory, [11][12][13] Ca treatment, [14][15][16][17][18][19][20] Mg treatment, [21,22] and Ce treatment [23] to inclusion transformation in Al-killed steel were studied and revealed, but the effect of impurities in ferrosilicon was usually ignored in these research. Some studies [24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32] reported that Al and Ca in ferrosilicon may affect the types of inclusions as summarized in Table 1, especially the Ca impurity in ferrosilicon has the capability to react with Al 2 O 3 and spinel in steel, which indicated that the role of impurity elements of ferrosilicon in refining process was significant in Al-killed steel.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of the Timing Addition of Ferrosilicon with Al and Ca Impurities on Inclusion Formation in Al‐Killed Automobile Gear Steel SCr420H

Sun

et al. 2022

steel research int.

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The current study investigates the effect of the timing of the addition of ferrosilicon with Al and Ca impurities on the inclusion evolution during the refining process of Al‐killed gear steel SCr420H. To achieve this aim, laboratory experiments and thermodynamic calculations are conducted. The process sample, the ingot sample, and ferrosilicon are polished and analyzed by scanning electron microscope‐energy dispersive spectrometer. The results show that Ca and Al impurities mainly exist as intermetallic compounds or are segregated on the phase boundary between FeSi2 and Si in the ferrosilicon. The Ca content of the ingot increased with the delay of adding the ferrosilicon with Al and Ca impurities. In case the ferrosilicon is added at the end of the refining process, many liquid calcium aluminate inclusions can be observed in the ingot, which indicates that changing the timing of adding ferrosilicon with Al and Ca impurities is a promising way to modify inclusion to liquid inclusion. Based on the thermodynamic calculation, MgO‐saturated spinel is more easily modified into CaO–Al2O3 inclusion than spinel with low MgO content. When ferrosilicon is added in steel containing enough Mg, inclusions are transformed into spinel with high MgO content first, and afterward are modified into liquid calcium aluminate inclusions.

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Exploration of morphology evolution of the inclusions in Mg-treated 16MnCrS5 steel

Cited by 32 publications

References 18 publications

Effect of Magnesium Treatment and Cooling Method on Manganese Sulfide in U75V Heavy‐Rail Steel Deoxidized by Si–Mn

Effect of Magnesium Treatment and Cooling Method on Manganese Sulfide in U75V Heavy‐Rail Steel Deoxidized by Si–Mn

Evolution of sulphide inclusion in Mg–Ca treating gear steel

Effect of the Timing Addition of Ferrosilicon with Al and Ca Impurities on Inclusion Formation in Al‐Killed Automobile Gear Steel SCr420H

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